ANSYS高速列车转向架振动时效工艺过程的有限元仿真

摘要高速列车转向架是由高强度钢材经过焊接而成，焊接完成的半成品中有较高的残余应力。如果不消除，在使用时将产生应力叠加，造成转向架的开裂。本论文目的是用振动时效（VSR）的方法代替传统时效法消除或均化转向架中的焊接残余应力。通过ANSYS有限元软件建立转向架模型，通过模态分析分析结构的固有频率以及各阶模态振型。通过谐响应分析，得到在不同激振源位置、不同激励力、激励频率及约束方式下的各关键点的动应力，为有效消除指定位置的残余应力提供理论依据。论文在试样级的范围内，对焊接试件进行了振动时效实验分析，利用盲孔法测量振动时效处理前后的残余应力的大小，对比并计算残余应力的消减或均化情况，结果表明振动时效可以均化或降低工件的焊接残余应力，验证了该技术的有效性，为转向架的的焊接残余应力的消除提供参考。19585
关键词残余应力振动时效转向架有限元法

毕业设计说明书（论文）外文摘要
Title    Finite Element Simulation of the Vibratory Stress Relief Process on High-speed Train Bogie
Abstract
The welding of the high strength steel on High-speed train bogie induce the high residual stress in the structure . This residual stress ,if not eliminate ,will cause cracking in the bogie . The purpose of this paper is to study the feasibility of the elimination or homogenization of the welding residual stress by vibratory stress relief (VSR) method instead of the traditional method. The finite analyze element model bogie is created by Ansys software. The natural frequencies and mode shapes of each order of the structure are gained by modal analysis .Through the harmonic response analysis ,the dynamic stress of the key points under the different exciting location, loading quantity , loading frequence ,constrain condition are obtained ,these results can provide the theoretical support for the effective elimination of the residual stress at the specified position . The welding sample was analyzed by the experiment VSR .The blind hole were used to measure the size of the residual stress before and after the vibration treatment . The final experiment showed VSR can reduce or eliminate the welding residual stress of workpiece ,the validity of the technique for bogie eliminate welding residual stresses provide a reference value.
Keywords Bogie VSR residual stress finite element method
目次
1 绪论    1
1.1 残余应力的研究概况    1
1.2 振动时效的发展状况    1
1.2.1 振动时效的国内研究现状    1
1.2.2 振动时效的国外研究现状    2
1.3 转向架的焊接残余应力研究状况    3
1.4 本论文的主要研究内容    3
2 振动时效机理研究    5
2.1 振动时效的原理    5
2.2 振动时效的工艺    5
2.3 振动时效的效果评判    7
2.4 本章小结    7
3 某转向架的动态特性有限元分析    8
3.1有限元建模    8
3.2 模态分析    8
3.3 谐响应分析    10
3.4 本章小结    25
4 振动时效的实验研究    27
4.1 实验设施的组成    27
4.2 实验测量过程    30
4.2.1 测量残余应力的盲孔法    30 ANSYS高速列车转向架振动时效工艺过程的有限元仿真:http://www.youerw.com/wuli/lunwen_11008.html