摘  要:对折射率的检测是提高光学仪器质量的前提，是研究光学系统成像质量的重要参数。本文设计了一种新的测量折射率的方法和装置，基于光学成像原理，利用光学平板成像规律，找到待测折射率与系统光学元件的调焦量的关系，将传统的折射率与角度的关系转变为折射率与轴上位移的关系。测量方法简化，非接触测量，是集光、机、电、算于一体的高性能精密测量仪器，本文首先介绍了折射率测量系统的工作原理，并用Zemax软件设计了光学系统。本文釆用三片式摄影物镜系统，有效焦距f为45mm，F数为4，全视场角为8°釆用1/3inchCCD作为图像接受器件,像元尺寸为6。35um*7。4um,根据仪器的使用特点，光学系统满足使用要求。接下来对精密机械机构进行了详细的阐述，并给出了设计结果，最后进行了误差精度分析，系统的精度达到了0。00885，满足仪器的使用要求。91829

毕业论文关 键 词：折射率，光学系统，CCD，误差 

Abstract: The refractive index of the detection is improving the optical instrument quality on the premise, and it is the research of the important parameters of the imaging quality of the optical system。 

This paper designs a new refractive index measurement method and device, and it is based on the principle of optical imaging, using of optical flat panel imaging rule, finding the relationship between the measured index of refraction and system optical components of focusing amount, the relationship of the traditional refractive index and the angle is transformed into the relationship of the refractive index and the axial displacement, simple measuring method, non-contact measurement, and it is set to the integration of optical, machine, electric of high performance precision measuring instruments。 Firstly this paper introduces the working principle of the refractive index measurement system, and designed the optical system by using Zemax。 This system used three piece photographic objective lens system, the effective focal length of the system is 45mm, the F number and the full field of view angle are 4 and 8°respectively。The image sensor of the lens is 1/3 inch CCD, whose pixel size is 6。35um*7。4um,according to the functional qualities of apparatus ,the system meets the requirement。 Next, this paper details the precision machinery structure ,and gives the design results, finally, analysis the error precision。 The precision of the system can reach 0。00885。 And it can meet the equipment requirements。

Keywords: index of refraction ,optical system ,CCD ,error analysis

目   录

1 绪论 4

1。1 课题背景 4

1。2 课题研究的目的及意义 4

1。3 国内外发展现状 7

1。4 本论文研究的主要内容 7

1。5 本章小结 8

2 折射率测量系统的总体方案设计 8

2。1 系统的总体方案设计 8

2。2 成像光学系统 12

2。3 精密传动机构及其电控系统 12

2。4 计算机数据图像处理系统 13

2。5 本章小结 14

3 成像光学系统设计 14

3。1  CCD的选取 14

3。2光学系统设计 17

3。3平行平板 18