摘要射击训练是日常军事训练中的重要训练项目之一，而目前的射击打靶训练，基本仍以实弹为主，报靶方式也多采用人工报靶，不仅费用开支大，可靠性、公正性以及高效性等都不能得到保障。由于激光具有单色性、高方向性、高亮度、相干性等特点，用激光子弹代替传统的实弹进行射击训练已经成为当前各国部队进行装备改进的一个发展趋势。本课题设计了一套可用于实际模拟训练中的基于图像处理技术的激光模拟打靶训练系统，该系统利用CCD摄像机拍摄靶面图像，通过图像采集卡将采集到的模拟图像转换成数字图像，存储在计算机中，再经过图像预处理和图像识别判靶后得到射击成绩，即：打靶环数。本文的主要工作是对视频图像采集系统及图像识别判靶算法进行研究。文中详细介绍了视频图像采集系统的硬件组成和工作原理，本系统用CCD摄像机及图像采集卡采集靶面图像，并通过视频传输线送至PC机进行实时处理及显示；着重研究了图像的识别判靶方法，包括靶环中心点的确定，环间距的计算，光斑中心点位置的判定以及打靶环值判定。
关键词 激光打靶 模拟训练 CCD摄像机 图像处理 图像采集卡8801
毕业设计说明书（论文）外文摘要
Title Research of Laser Targeting Signal Processing System
Abstract
Shooting training is one of the important training projects in routine military training, at present, the shooting target training is still mainly based on real bullet, and it needs the man to reply the scores to the trainer, its cost is not only expenditure, but the reliability, fairness, and efficiency also can not be guaranteed. As the laser has the characteristics of monochrome, high directivity, high brightness, coherence and so on, it becomes a trend to replace the actual shooting training with the laser bullets targeting system. A laser simulation shooting training system based on image processing techniques is designed in this issue, which can be used in real targeting training. The system uses CCD camera to shoot target surface images, converts analog images into digital images by image capture card, and stores in a computer, then through image preprocessing and image recognition sub-target obtains shooting results, namely: shooting rings. The main work of the essay is to make researches on video image acquisition system and image recognition algorithm of sub-target. The hardware composition and working principles of the video acquisition system are described in detail here. This system uses CCD camera and image acquisition card to acquire target surface image, and then sends to PC by video transmission line to process and display in real-time; the methods of image recognition are highlighted in the study, including identifying the target of the center, calculating ring spacing, judging the center location of laser and shooting ring.
Keywords Laser Targeting, Simulation Training, CCD Camera, Image Processing, Image Acquisition Card.
目次
1 绪论 1
1.1 题目研究的目的和意义 1
1.2 国内外研究现状 2
1.3 本课题的主要研究内容及论文组织结构 3
2 基本原理 3
2.1 系统工作原理 3
2.2 激光器 4
2.3 摄像机 6
2.4 冲锋枪的发射机理 10
2.5 计算机的作用及性能指标 11
2.6 本章小结 12
3 硬件系统设计与选择 12
3.1 硬件系统的总体设计方案 12
3.2 自动报靶系统的工作过程 14
3.3 独立式激光发射机的设计 15 CCD摄像机激光打靶信号处理系统研究:http://www.youerw.com/wuli/lunwen_7263.html