基于Matlab的夫琅禾费圆孔衍射实验仿真

摘要：光的衍射体现了光的波动性。由于光学系统中光阑的通光孔一般呈圆形，因而必须考虑夫琅禾费圆孔衍射效应。光学实验对实验条件要求较高，实验现象也往往难以清楚观察到。当代计算机技术的飞速发展，为模拟现代光学实验提供了极大的便利，其低成本、易实现、易观察的特点深受研究人员青睐。本文将采用 Matlab 对夫琅禾费圆孔衍射进行仿真，使实验结果更直观，利于对光学的研究与学习。在此基础上，也应用 Matlab GUI 建立出图形化的人机交互式界面，更易观察到衍射现象随参数的变化情况。 74451

毕业论文关键词：夫琅禾费圆孔衍射，Matlab，仿真

Abstract: The Diffraction of light reflects the fluctuation of light。 Generally, the apertures in optical systems are of circular shape, as a result, the Fraunhofer circular hole diffraction effect must be considered。 For optical experiments, the requirements are strict, and the experimental phenomena are often difficult to be clearly observed。 The rapid development of modern computer technology provides great convenience for the simulation of modern optical experiment。 Owing to its characteristics such as low cost, easy to implement, easy to observe etc, computer simulation is much favored by researchers。 In the paper the Fraunhofer circular hole diffraction effect will be simulated with Matlab to make the experimental results more intuitive, which is beneficial to the research and study of optics。 On the basis of this, Matlab GUI is also used to create a graphical man-machine interactive interface, which can make it easier to observe the variation of the diffraction phenomenon with the parameters。

Keywords: Fraunhofer circular hole diffraction, Matlab, simulation

1 引言 6

2 夫琅禾费圆孔衍射的原理及意义 6

2。1 菲涅尔衍射与夫琅禾费衍射 6

2。2 夫琅禾费圆孔衍射的原理 7

2。3 夫琅禾费圆孔衍射的意义 11

2。4 本章小结 11

3 应用 MATLAB 的夫琅禾费圆孔衍射仿真 12

3。1 Matlab 特点与优势 12

3。2 夫琅禾费圆孔衍射的 Matlab 仿真 12

3。3 本章小结 17

4 MATLAB GUI 的应用 17

4。1 用户界面的设计 17

4。2 代码设计 18

4。3 本章小结 20

结论 21

参考文献 22

致谢 23

1 引言

夫琅禾费衍射是经典光学中最为典型的实验现象之一[1]，但由于光波波长很短，在实际生活中并不容易观察到。在实验操作中，由于光学实验对仪器的精度和稳定性以及外界亮度、湿度等条件都有很高的要求，因而调节与观察都有一定难度。论文网基于Matlab的夫琅禾费圆孔衍射实验仿真:http://www.youerw.com/wuli/lunwen_85051.html