摘要在这篇文章中，作者首先对海明威及其相关作品进行了一个概述。然后，作者把海明威文学作品中的女性形象分为了两大类：理想型的天使:漂亮、善良、温柔、对爱人始终如一；和现实型的魔女：迷人精、荡妇。在文章的第三部分，作者把海明威创造出这两大类女性形象的原因进行了分析，指出海明威描写的这些女性形象和海明威自己的性格特征，家庭影响和社会影响都有很大关系。文章最后，作者对整篇文章做出了总结。25047
毕业论文关键词：女性形象；理想型的天使； 现实型的魔女
Abstract In this paper, the author firstly introduces Hemingway and his related works. Then the author classifies these female characters into two types: the ideal females who are “angles”: beautiful, gentle, loyal to lovers; and the realistic females who are “witches”: “Circe” and bitches. In the third part of this paper, the author presents three reasons why Hemingway generated these types of females. The creations of these females characters are connected to Hemingway’s inner personality, his families and the society aspect. At the end of this paper, the author makes a conclusion of this paper.
Key words: female characters; ideal angles; realistic witches
On the Analysis of Female Characters in Hemingway’s Literature Works
Contents
摘 要 i
Abstract ii
I. Introduction 1
II. Two Types of Female Characters in Hemingway’s Literatures 3
2.1 The Angels: The Ideal Females 3
2.2 The Witches: The Realistic Females 6
III. Three Reasons Why Hemingway Generates These Female Images 10
3.1 The Influence of Hemingway’s Inner Characters 10
3.2 The Influence of His Families 11
3.3 The Influence of Social Aspect 13
IV. Conclusion 14
Bibliography 16
Acknowledgments 17
I. Introduction
Ernest Hemingway, the American novelist and short-story writer, is one of the greatest American writers. He became the representative of the Lost Generation in 20th century with the publication of one of his novels: The Sun Also Rises. In 1954, Hemingway was rewarded the Nobel Prize for literature. And he received the Pulitzer Prize in 1953 for The Old Man and the Sea. Hemingway’s fiction usually focuses on the essential lives of ordinary people-fishermen, bullfighters, athletes, who meet the pain and difficulty of their existence with stoic courage. These images are called code heroes who are with “grace under pressure”.
Ernest Hemingway lived from 1899 to 1961, during which the feminist movement grew up and developed rapidly, the females social roles began to change because of social attitude towards them. And in many of his works, he also created many female images which changed people’s cognition that Hemingway was just the spokesman of Code Hero. In his several literatures: For Whom the Bell Tolls, The Sun Also Rises, Cat in the Rain, A Farewell to Arms, The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber, The Snows of Kilimanjaro, Hemingway created many female characters, such as Maria in For Whom the Bell Tolls, Brett Ashley in The Sun Also Rises, Signora in Cat in the Rain, Catherine Barkley in A Farewell to Arms, Margot in The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber and Helen in The Snows of Kilimanjaro.
For Whom the Bell Tolls written by Hemingway in 1940 told the story of Robert Jordan, an American volunteer of the International Brigades, who was assigned to blow up a bridge during an attack on the city of Segovia at the expense of his own life. Frankly speaking, Jordan was a character who was inspired by Hemingway’s own experience during the Spanish Civil War. During the war, Jordan fell in love with Maria, a Spanish girl who was a victim of the civil war. During the war, her parents were shot by Fascists and she was seduced by Fascists. It was Jordan gave Maria hope and a new life and it was it is Maria who shows softening influence on Jordan and changes his way of seeing and experiencing things. During the war, this couple loved each other; however, both of them became the victims of the war. This story mainly tells the brutality of the civil war. The Sun Also Rises written by Hemingway was published in 1926. This novel was called the outstanding work of the “Lost Generation”. On the surface, the story was a love story between Jake Barnes and Brett Ashley. In fact, the primary themes were the young people’s life and thoughts after the First Word War. Cat in the Rain was a very short and tight novel of Ernest Hemingway. In the story, the wife of an American couple living in an Italian hotel wanted to get the cat crouching under a table from the rainy day. However, her purpose was not achieved. In this novel, the cat in the rain symbols the freedom, independence and equity which the wife eagerly desired under the pressure of traditional women status and the patriarchal society. A Farewell to Arms is a semi-autobiographical novel written by Ernest Hemingway, first published in 1929. This novel based on two lines: love and war and described the author’s attitudes to life and war. The novel is told through the point of view of Lieutenant Frederic Henry, an American serving as an ambulance driver in the Italian army during World War I. And this novel also tells the love between Catharine and Henry. In the novel The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber, Hemingway described that Macomber was scared to escape and fled at the first sight of lion. Because of this his wife and others despised him. The success of this novel is mainly based on the description of Mrs. Macomber. The Snows of Kilimanjaro written by Hemingway was a combination of fact and fiction. In the story, while facing his imminent death on American safari, Harry, a writer, went in and out of consciousness. During his conscious moments, he argued with his wife and seems to be intent to destroying her. During unconscious or dream-like states, he remembered his life and had insight of why he made some choice. He had regrets, fears, and some wonderful memories of good times as well. These memories are based on Hemingway’s own experiences and professional career. 浅析海明威文学作品中的女性形象:http://www.youerw.com/yingyu/lunwen_18679.html