饲喂高精料日粮对山羊瘤胃代谢与功能的影响

摘要：由于缺乏优质的牧草，生产上为了提高泌乳反刍动物的产奶量，常常给泌乳奶牛饲喂含精料的谷物日粮。由于谷物日粮含有大量易发酵的碳水化合物，其快速发酵引起瘤胃PH下降，诱发亚急性瘤胃酸中毒（Sub-acute ruminal acidosis，SARA）。本实验选取17只经产的健康泌乳中期关中奶山羊随机分为三组，对照组，长期组和短期组，对照组饲喂精粗比为35:65的低精料日粮，饲喂周期为19周，长期组和短期组，饲喂精粗比为65:35的高精料日粮，饲喂周期分别为19周和4周。结果表明，短期饲喂高精料对山羊颈静脉血中皮质醇含量没有影响（P<0.05），但长期饲喂高精料皮质醇含量显著低于对照组和短期组（P < 0.05）。长期饲喂高精料对血浆中组胺的影响较大，显著高于对照组（P < 0.05），但短期组与对照组并未出现明显差异（P>0.05）；异常有害代谢产物如LPS（内毒素）显著增加，从而对机体健康造成威胁。36652
毕业论文关键词：山羊；高精料；瘤胃；挥发性脂肪酸
Effects of feeding high concentrate diets on ruminal metabolism and function of lactating dairy goat
Abstract：The rumen of the goat is the main site of material metabolism, with holds a large number of complex microorganisms. With the development of animal husbandry in China and the improvement of people’s living quality, the demand for dairy products has increased greatly. In order to improve the milk performance of dairy cows, it’s a common strategy to feed lactating dairy cows with higher grain diets. However, feeding a high grain diet easily leads to the abnormal fermentation in rumen with high accumulation of free volatile fatty acids (VFA) and then to decrease the ruminal pH value. Subacute rumen acidosis (SARA) was usually induced by feeding a high grain diet. It will eventually reduce the milk performance. In this study, Seventeen mid-lactating dairy goats were randomly allocated to 3 groups in this study. The control treatment was fed a low-concentrate diet (35%concentrate, n=5, LC) while there were two high concentrate treatments (65% concentrate, HC), one fed a high concentrate diet for a long period (19 wks, n = 7, HL) and the other fed a high concentrate diet for a short period of time (4 wks, n = 5, HS). Our results showed that ruminal fermentation was changed by HC diet feeding indicating by VFA concentrations and the ratio of acetate/propionate, as well as endotoxin concentration in the ruminal fluid.
Key words: Goat;High concentrate;Rum-en;Volatile fatty acids.
目录

摘要1
关键词1
Abstract1
Key words1
引言1
1 材料与方法2
1.1试验设计 2
1.2采集样品 3
1.3测定尿素氮3
1.4测定氨态氮3
1.5测定MCP3
1.6测定乳酸4
1.7试验数据及仪器4
1.8数据统计分析4
2 结果与分析4
2.1高精料饲喂时长对血浆皮质醇的影响4
2.2高精料饲喂时长对血浆中组胺的影响 4
2.3高精料饲喂时长对发酵参数及瘤胃液中LPS浓度的影响 5
3 讨论 6
3.1测饲喂高精料时间长短对奶山羊血液皮质醇的影响6
3.2饲喂高精料时间长短对奶山羊瘤VFA的影响7
3.3饲喂高精料时间长短对瘤胃代谢的影响7
致谢7
参考文献7
饲喂高精料日粮对山羊瘤胃代谢与功能的影响
随着我国畜牧业的发展和人民生活水平的提高，乳制品的需求量大大增加，生产上为了提高动物的产奶量，通常饲喂含精料较高的日粮，来提高动物的生产性能，但这种方式会使反刍动物瘤胃发酵产生过多的挥发性脂肪酸，导致瘤胃PH下降，诱发亚急性瘤胃酸中毒（Sub-acute ruminal acidosis，SARA）。瘤胃是反刍动物特有的器官，供给合成乳脂重要的前体物质，罹患SARA时，瘤胃发酵蓄积的大量酸性物质破坏了瘤胃组织上皮细胞，引起炎症，粘膜坏死脱落，进而使瘤胃壁通透性增高，细菌脂多糖容易进入血液，最终引起全身性的炎症反应。饲喂高精料日粮对山羊瘤胃代谢与功能的影响:http://www.youerw.com/yixue/lunwen_35210.html