摘要: 化学工业是指生产过程中化学方法占主要地位的过程工业。在化工生产过程中,由于生产要求的工艺条件苛刻和生产的安全性,对化工生产的控制一直在不断加强,并且通过不断的改善其控制系统,使生产更加安全,更有效率。 24321
在硝酸铵中和反应中, 存在着非线性和严重的纯滞后,常规单回路 PH 值控制系统难以满足生产控制需要, 直接影响了产品质量和正常生产。根据硝铵中和反应中PH 值控制的特点及工艺条件,确定了PH 值与酸/氨比值串级调节方案,设计了变比值控制系统,确定了控制系统的控制器。
在仿真软件MATLAB/Simulink中,根据控制系统原理方框图,作出仿真模型图,并进行相应的仿真。在仿真过程中,通过观察系统的响应曲线,知道了变比值控制系统比其他控制系统响应速度快,对干扰的抑制能力比较强,更能满足生产工艺要求。
毕业论文关键字:变比值; simulink; 中和反应; PID控制
The design of variable ratio control systems on chemical process
Abstract:Chemical industry refers to the process industry of chemical methods dominate in the production process. In the process of chemical production, due to the technological conditions of demanding production and production safety, the control of the chemical production has been continuously strengthened, and by constantly improving its control system, we make their production safer and more efficient.
In ammonium nitrate and the reaction, there is a nonlinear and serious pure lag. Conventional single loop PH value control system is difficult to meet the needs of the production control, directly affecting the product quality and normal production. According to the characteristics of ammonium nitrate in the neutralization reaction PH value control and the process conditions, we determine the PH value and acid/ammonia ratio cascade control scheme, variable ratio control system is designed, and the controller of the control system is determined.
In the simulation software MATLAB / Simulink, according to the principle of control system block diagram, we make a figure, a simulation model and corresponding simulation. In the process of simulation, by observing the system response curve, we know that the variable ratio control system response faster than other control system, the interference suppression ability is stronger, which more can satisfy the requirement of production process.
Key words: change ratio; simulink; neutralization reaction; PID control
目录
1 绪论 1
1.1 系统设计的背景1
1.2 系统设计的内容3
2 控制系统及软件介绍 4
2.1 变比值系统简介..4
2.2 MATLAB和Simulink ..5
3 PID控制器原理8
3.1 PID控制器简介 .8
3.2 PID控制系统..9
3.3 PID控制参数的整定及方法 ..10
4 被控对象系统分析.13
4.1 控制对象分析.13
4.3 被控对象建模.14
5 控制方案的设计及仿真.17
5.1 系统性能分析.17
5.2 变比值控制系统的仿真.17
6 结论 .28
致谢..29
参考文献.30
1 绪论
1.1 系统设计的背景
化学工业(chemical industry)又称化学加工工业,泛指生产过程中化学方法占主要地位的过程工业。包括基本化学工业和塑料、合成纤文、石油、橡胶、药剂、染料工业等。
化学工业是属于知识和资金密集型的行业。随着科学技术的发展,它由最初只生产纯碱、硫酸等少数几种无机产品和主要从植物中提取茜素制成染料的有机产品,逐步发展为一个多行业、多品种的生产部门,出现了一大批综合利用资源和规模大型化的化工企业。 MATLAB化工过程变比值控制系统设计:http://www.youerw.com/zidonghua/lunwen_17779.html