摘要我国作为用煤大国，煤炭的需求量日益增多，煤炭开采过程中的安全成了首要问题。为了解决这个问题，必须设计高性能的煤矿井下安全监控系统。为了使煤矿井下安全监控系统具备低功耗、可靠性高的优点，本次设计选取了以 AT89C52 单片机（MCS-51 系列单片机）为核心，以 RS-485总线为通信方式的监控分站。AT89C52 单片机具有功耗低，操作简单等优势。而 RS-485 总线抗共模干扰的能力很强，一个发送器可以驱动多个负载。设计首先搭建了整个系统构架，设计了系统框图。围绕系统框图先进行了硬件部分的设备选型与电路设计。 硬件电路设计完后设计软件电路部分与通信电路部分，由于 Mod-bus 协议与 RS-485 相配合能够保证较高的通讯数量以及传输过程中的高稳定性， 所以通信电路采用Mod-bus 作为通信协议。 最后选择了 Proteus仿真软件对设计好的电路进行实验仿真， 仿真结果表明本次井下监控系统的设计能够进行测量值的超标报警，并且在故障排除后能够结束报警，具有一定的可行性。37757
毕业论文关键词: 安全监控 AT89C52 单片机 RS-485 总线 通信协议
Abstract As a large coal country, China’s coal’s demand is increasing. Theprimary problem of coal mining process is safety. In order to solve thisproblem, the coal mine safety monitoring system must be designed withhigh qualities.In order to make the coal mine safety monitoring system with lowpower and high reliability, this design uses MCS-51 series single-chipAT89C52 micro-controller as the core and RS-485 bus for monitoringsubstation communication. AT89C52 MCU has low power consumption,simple operation and other advantages. The ability of the RS-485 bus’santi common mode interference is very strong, and it’s transmitter candrive a plurality of loads.The design is carried out to build the system framework, anddevelop a system diagram, the selection of equipment and hardwarecircuit designs on the system diagram. The software part and thecommunication circuit begin to be designed after the design of hardwarecircuit. Because mod-bus protocol and RS-485 for matching can ensurethe high stability and high number of communication in the process oftransmission, so communication circuit uses mod-bus as thecommunication protocol. Finally, I use Proteus software to simulate thecircuit design, simulation results show that the underground monitoringsystem’s design can make sure the measure value exceed alarm, andfinish the alarm when avoiding the problem, it has certain feasibility.
Keywords: safety moni toring AT89C52 MCU RS-485 buscommunication protocol
III
目录
摘要I
AbstractII
1绪论.1
1.1课题的研究背景及其意义1
1.2国内外的现状与趋势1
1.2.1国内的研究现状.1
1.2.2国外的研究现状.2
1.2.3煤矿监测系统的发展趋势.2
1.3目前系统存在的问题3
1.4本文主要工作4
2系统总体设计方案.5
2.1系统总体结构图5
2.2系统的工作原理5
2.3系统的设计内容6
2.4本章小结6
3元器件的选型与硬件电路的设计.7
3.1单片机的选型7
3.2传感器的选型9
3.2.1模拟量输入输出信号处理电路的设计.9
3.2.2开关量输入输出信号处理电路的设计.11
3.3其它器件的选型13
3.3.1数模转换所用芯片.13
3.3.2通讯收发芯片的选型.15
3.3.3外部数据锁存器的选型.15
3.3.4井下继电器的选型.16
3.3.5蜂鸣器的选型.16
3.3.6矿用防爆电子显示屏的选型.17
3.3.7矿用直流供电电源箱的选型.17
3.4硬件电路的总概述17
3.5单片机辅助电路的设计18
3.6监控信号采集电路的设计18
3.7声光报警电路的设计20
3.8实时数据显示电路的设计21
3.9键盘控制电路的设计22 AT89C52单片机煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计:http://www.youerw.com/zidonghua/lunwen_36602.html