摘要船舶航行过程中，船舶火灾的发生对船无疑是致命的，相对于陆地，船舶发生 火灾时救援难以到达，更因为船舱结构复杂性，扑救难度很大，所以，对船舶舱室火 灾的研究很有必要。本文针对有开口的舱室火灾，在用 FDS 建立的舱室空间火灾实 验系统中对小尺度模型进行了数值模拟研究，重点对火灾时舱室内气体温度分布特性 和火灾烟气在舱室中的运动规律进行了研究。对结果进行分析，归纳出有开口舱室火 灾中的烟气运动规律和温度的分布特性，主要包括以下几点内容:84142

在有开口的舱室中发生火灾时，温度经历两个过程，分别是发展阶段和稳定阶段。 水平方向上，舱室内同一水平高度的温度几乎相同。竖直方向上，温度由下至上递减。 火源的热释放速率、通风口和燃烧物的燃烧会对温度造成影响。

有开口的舱室火灾中，同一竖直平面的烟气浓度变化几乎是同步的，同一时间的 烟气浓度也几乎相同。但通风口下方的浓度始终低于其他位置的烟气浓度，离通风口 越近，烟气浓度越低，烟气的运动也与通风口有关。

毕业论文关键词:开口舱室；船舶火灾；温度分布；烟气运动

Abstract Ship navigation process ， Ship Fire occurred on the ship undoubtedly fatal。,with respect to the land, ship fire rescue difficult to reach, but also because of the structural complexity of the cabin, fighting is very difficult, therefore, to study the ship cabin fire is necessary。In this paper, a fire compartment having an opening in the cabin space systems FDS fire experiment was set up in small-scale  experimental research model, to focus  on the   compartment   gas   temperature  distribution  and   movement  of  fire   smoke  in  the

cabin。The results were analyzed, summarized the distribution chamber has an opening movement of fire smoke and temperature, including the following points:

When fire broke out in the cabin opening, the temperature through two processes, namely the development stage and stable stage。The horizontal direction, the same level as the cabin temperature is almost the same height。 The vertical direction, the temperature decreasing from under the supremacy。 Heat release rate of the fire source, vent and combustion of the combustion temperature will be affected。

Cabin fire opening, the variation of gas concentration in the same  vertical plane almost simultaneously, gas concentration at the same time is also almost the same。 But the concentration is always lower than the bottom of the vent gas concentration elsewhere, the closer the vent, the lower the gas concentration, smoke vents and also sports related。

Keywords: Opening cabin;Ship Fire;Temperature Distribution;Smoke Movement

目录

第一章 绪论 1

1。1  研究背景 1

1。2  研究目的及意义 1

1。3  研究现状 2

1。4  论文主要研究内容 3

第二章 数学模型 4

2。1 FDS 介绍 4

2。2  控制方程 4

2。3  燃烧模型 6

2。4  辐射换热 7

2。4。1 气体辐射 8

2。4。2  漫-灰表面间的辐射换热 9