NiS纳米结构材料的设计制备及其性能

摘要金属硫化物是一种备受重视的窄带隙半导体材料，纳米金属硫化物因为其特殊的光，电性能，在传感、磁学、光学、电池等领域得到了广泛应用。本次毕业设计围绕纳米硫化镍的合成、形貌结构、电化学性能等方面进行了初步的探索研究。首先以Ni(CH3COO)2•4H2O为原料，通过Ni(CH3COO)2•4H2O的水解制备Ni(OH)2纳米颗粒，并利用X射线粉末衍射（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、热重分析（TG）、比表面积测试（BET）等方法对制备的氢氧化镍样品进行表征。其次对制备出的氢氧化镍颗粒进行高温煅烧，得到纳米氧化镍颗粒，并且采用XRD、SEM等测试手段对纳米氧化镍的形貌和结构进行分析和表征，并测试所得产品的电化学性能。最后以硫代乙酰胺（CH3C=SNH2）为硫源，通过微波辅助法将氧化镍合成（NixSy）。再分别采用XRD、SEM等测试手段对纳米硫化镍的形貌和结构进行分析和表征，并测试所得产品的电化学性能。发现在电流密度为0。5 A/g时，测得NiO的比电容为250 F/g。微波反应50 min后得到的NixSy，展现出最佳比电容为755。5 F/g。 77146

毕业论文关键词硫化镍氧化镍纳米结构氢氧化镍

Title The design, synthesis and performance of NixSy nanostructure material。

Abstract Metal sulfide is a highly regarded narrow bandgap semiconductor materials, which has been widely used in sensors, magnetism, optics, batteries and some other fields。 Here, the nickel sulfide nanoparticles have been prepared, and their morphology, structure, and electrochemical performances were also investigated。 Firstly, the nickel hydroxide nanoparticles were successfully prepared by a one-step hydrothermal method using nickel acetate tetrahydrate as raw material, and the microstructure of obtained Ni(OH)2 were investigated by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and other methods。 Secondly, the NiO nanoparticles can be easily formed by the calcination of nickel hydroxide particles。 Similarly, the obtained NiO samples were characterized by XRD, SEM and other testing methods, and their electrochemical properties were also investigated。 Finally, the NixSy nanoparticles were synthesized by a microwave-assisted method using thioacetamide as sulfur source。 Meanwhile, the electrochemical properties of resulting NixSy samples were studied。 We found the specific capacitance of NiO samples is 250 F/g at a current density of 0。5 A/g。 The NixSy nanoparticles exhibited an optimal specific capacitance of 755。5 F/g when the microwave-assisted time was 50 min。

Keywords Nickel sulfide Nickel oxide Nanostructures Nickel hydroxide

1 引言 1

1。1 纳米材料简介 1

1。 2 金属硫化物纳米材料简介 2

1。 3 研究目的和研究内容 4

2 实验部分 6

2。1药品与仪器 6

2。2实验步骤 7

2。3本章小结 9

3 结果与讨论 11

3。 1 Ni(OH)2材料的表征 11

3。 2 NiO纳米材料的表征及电化学性能研究 14

3。 3 NixSy纳米材料的表征及电化学性能研究 18

3。4 本章小结 25

结论 26

致谢 28

参考文献29

1 引言

1。1 纳米材料简介

1。1。1 纳米材料的定义

纳米（nm）是一种度量长度的单位，也称作毫微米，1 nm=10-9 m，大小相当于原子的四倍，小于单个细菌的长度。纳米尺寸的结构材料简称为纳米材料，是指在三维空间中，至少有一个维度处于纳米尺寸范围（1-100 nm），或者由它们作为基本单元所构成的材料。 NiS纳米结构材料的设计制备及其性能:http://www.youerw.com/cailiao/lunwen_88628.html