基于炸药分子检测的自组装SERS活性基底的设计

摘要表面增强拉曼散射（SERS）光谱具有灵敏度高、检测限低、对样品制备要求低、仪器携带方便、可实现现场实时检测等优点，满足了工业生产、环境检测、公共安全等领域对炸药分子检测的要求。采用晶种法、水热法、还原剂还原法合成了一系列尺寸可控、不同形貌的贵金属纳米粒子作为SERS活性基底，包括三角形、立方形、优尔边形Au纳米粒子和立方形、十面体、三角形柱状Ag纳米粒子。采用透射电子显微镜（TEM）对其形貌进行了表征，紫外可见光谱（UV-Vis）对纳米粒子特征吸收进行了检测，以黑索今（RDX）为探针分子采用表面增强拉曼散射（SERS）光谱对纳米粒子的SERS活性进行了检测。20308
关键词表面增强拉曼散射纳米粒子炸药分子检测黑索今
毕业设计说明书（论文）外文摘要
Title Design of self-assembly active SERS substrate based on
the detection of explosives
Abstract
The technique of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy has the advantages of high sensitivity, low detection limit, low requirement for sample preparation and in situ field screening which satisfy the need of industrial production, environmental inspection, public security and other fields of explosive molecules. The apparatus of SERS can be made portable. How to make SERS-active substrate is one of the problems of the application of SERS technology. Noble metal nanoparticles used as SERS-active substrate is low-cost, mild conditioning, controlled in morphology, highly active. In this paper，we use the method of seeds growth，hydrothermal method, reduction method to synthesize a series of noble metal nanoparticles which are controllable in size and different in shape including the triangular、cubic、 hexagonal Au nanoparticles and the cubic, decahedral、triangular column Ag nanoparticles. We use the Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) to characterize their morphology characterization and Ultraviolet-Visible spectroscopy(UV - Vis) to test the characteristic absorption wavelength of nanoparticles. We use RDX as probe molecule to detect the Raman activity.
Keywords SERS nanoparticles Explosive detection RDX
目次
1 引言…1
1.1 炸药分子的检测… 1
1.1.1 研究炸药分子检测技术的意义 1
1.1.2 常用安检技术简介…2
1.1.2.1 X光安检机…2
1.1.2.2 金属探测器…2
1.1.2.3 液体检测仪…2
1.1.2.4 炸药探测仪…3
1.1.2.5 中子探测仪…3
1.1.2.6 激光拉曼光谱探测仪…4
1.2 表面增强拉曼光谱简介5
1.2.1 表面增强拉曼光谱的发现5
1.2.2 SERS机理的发展5
1.2.2.1 化学增强机理和电磁增强机理…5
1.2.2.2 单分子SERS与SERS机理的新发展6
1.2.3 SERS基底及其制备方法…7
1.2.3.1 电化学氧化还原法7
1.2.3.2 金属溶胶法…7
1.2.3.3 金属岛膜法…7
1.2.3.4 化学刻蚀法…8
1.2.3.5 化学沉积法…8
1.2.3.6 有序组装技术8
1.3 纳米材料与SERS基底…9
1.3.1 表面与界面效应9
1.3.2 小尺寸效应9
1.3.3 量子尺寸效应…9
2 不同形貌贵金属纳米粒子的合成及其SERS活性研究…10
2.1 实验材料及设备…10
2.1.1 试剂…10
2.1.2 实验仪器…10
2.2 实验过程11
2.2.1 Au纳米粒子的合成11
2.2.1.1 Au晶种的合成11 基于炸药分子检测的自组装SERS活性基底的设计:http://www.youerw.com/huaxue/lunwen_12037.html