摘   要：当今时代，全世界都面临着能源危机，煤炭、石油、天然气等的不可再生的燃料的消耗利用越来越大，尤其是我国的能源短缺情况越来越严重，因此开发以及利用新能源的已经成为现在我们都要迫切解决的问题。沼气是一种可再生的优质清洁能源，在缓解农村能源紧缺、保护和恢复森林植被、改善生态环境方面具有重要意义。对秸秆进行预处理是提高秸秆的利用率和产气率的一种有效的手段，是目前秸秆沼气发酵研究的重要组成部分。目前对秸秆类原料普遍采用的预处理方式大致分为物理处理、化学处理、生物学处理和复合处理四大类。物理处理旨在机械破坏纤维素的多聚结构；生物学处理是利用主要分解木质素而不是纤维素的生物或木质素酶使秸秆中的木质素分解，破坏纤维素-木质素-半纤维素的复合结构，从而达到提高消化率的目的。本试验采用物理、生物两种不同预处理方法对秸秆原料进行预处理试验，探讨其对厌氧发酵产气性能的影响。 54474

毕业论文关键词：生物质能，预处理，沼气发酵

Abstract：Consumption advantage of today's era , the world is facing an energy crisis , coal, oil, natural gas and other non-renewable fuels is growing, especially in China's energy shortage is getting worse , so the development and utilization of new energy sources has now we have become an urgent problem . Biogas is a renewable clean energy, quality , and has important significance in alleviating rural energy shortage, protection and restoration of forest vegetation , improve the ecological environment . Straw straw pretreatment is to improve the utilization and gas production rate is an effective means of straw fermentation biogas is an important component . Currently straw for pretreatment of raw materials commonly used broadly pided into physical treatment , chemical treatment , biological treatment , and combined treatment of the four categories. Physical treatment aimed at the destruction of cellulose poly- mechanical structure ; biological treatment is the use of the main decomposition of lignin rather than cellulose or lignin biological enzymes to make straw lignin decomposition , destruction of cellulose - lignin - hemicellulose the composite structure so as to achieve the purpose of improving the digestibility . This test uses the physical, biological pretreatment methods on two different straw feedstock pretreatment tests to investigate the effects on anaerobic fermentation gas production performance.

Keywords： biomass, pretreatment , the fermentation raw material 

目  录

1  前言 3

1.1  选题的目的及意义 3

2  厌氧发酵概况简述 4

2.1沼气厌氧发酵的原理概况 4

2.2  沼气厌氧发酵的不同预处理方法 4

2.3  沼气厌氧发酵所需要的外部条件 5

3  本研究的内容介绍 6

3.1  实验的前期处理过程 6

3.2  发酵原料配比 6

4  实验装置与研究方法 6

4.1  实验装置 6

4.2  实验方法 7

4.3  测试方法与指标 7

5. 实验结果与分析 8

结论 11

参考文献 12