摘 要:地沟油是质量极差的非食用油,若用于食用则将会严重危害人的身体健康。目前,国内地沟油制售问题较为严重,地沟油的餐桌化已成为国内最严重的食品安全问题之一,已危害到整个社会。本文介绍了地沟油的概念、危害,并采用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP方法)检测地沟油中的微量元素,发现Pb、Fe、Cr的含量明显超标,对地沟油的盐分测定进行了研究。本文着重探讨了地沟油中盐分的脱除方法,主要探讨并研究了以活性炭、凹凸棒土、脱盐剂为主要吸附剂的静态过程、动态吸附过程。最后,还对几种地沟油的盐分脱除方法进行了总结和分析。67018
毕业论文关键词:地沟油,盐分,检测,脱除,ICP方法
Abstract:If the waste oils were used as the edible oils, they might have greatly harmed human health for their bad quality. Today, the problem of manufacture and sale of waste oils becomes more serious in our country, and the waste oils flowing to dining table is becoming one of the most serious food safety issues in China, and has already endangered whole society. In this paper, it has introduced the conception and harmfulness of waste oils, and researched the detection of trace elements, such as Pb, Fe, Cr, etc. And this paper has studied the desalination ways of heavy metal ions, with the adsorbent of activated carbon, attapulgite, desalting agent, respectively. In the adsorption-desalination processes, it has emphasized on the static method and dynamic method. Finally, this paper has discussed the adsorption-desalination processes.
Keywords: waste oils, salt, detection, desalination, ICP
目录
1 前言 4
1.1 地沟油的负面影响 4
1.2 地沟油的利用和转化现状 4
2 地沟油中盐分测定和脱除的必要性 5
2.1 地沟油中盐分测定和脱除的必要性 5
2.2 地沟油中盐分测定和脱除的现状 5
3 地沟油中盐分测定和脱除的实验研究 7
3.1 ICP方法简介 7
3.1.1 ICP方法的原理 7
3.1.2 ICP方法的特点 8
3.1.3 ICP方法的应用条件及使用步骤 8
3.2 盐分的吸附方案 9
3.2.1 静态吸附法 9
3.2.2 动态吸附法 16
4 实验结果分析与讨论 18
结论 24
参考文献 25
1 前言
1.1. 地沟油的负面影响
广义的地沟油,泛指各类废弃的劣质食用油(waste edible oils),主要是餐厨废油脂(restaurant waste lipids),还包括一类由劣质动物皮、肉、内脏加工提炼后产出的油。餐厨废油脂包括3大类:地沟油(狭义)、泔水油(潲水油)和煎炸老油。地沟油(狭义)是指宾馆、酒楼等地沟隔油池中捞取的油腻漂浮物,呈黑褐色液膏状,有酸腐恶臭气味。泔水油是指剩饭、剩菜(通称泔水)收集后的上层浮油,经过提炼呈金黄色至暗红色,有酸腐味。煎炸老油是指在高温下反复用于煎炸食品,发生氧化聚合等劣变,不可再继续食用的油脂[1]。
地沟油在最早期被用于生产肥皂或皂液。随着经济的快速发展,能源价格在不断的上涨,地沟油就成为了制取生物柴油的廉价原料。黑心的商人们用这些颜色暗淡浑浊、略呈红色的膏状物,经过一夜的加工后,就能使其成为了清亮的“食用油”,再通过低价销售,回到了人们的餐桌上。这种被称作“地沟油”的三无产品,虽然其主要成分仍就是甘油三酯,但却比真正的食用油多了许多重金属离子和使人致病、致癌的毒性物质。 地沟油中盐分的测定及脱除:http://www.youerw.com/huaxue/lunwen_75097.html