二苯乙烯类新型耐热含能材料的合成

摘要以间二甲苯为原始底物，用浓硝酸和浓硫酸硝化制备 2,4,6-三硝基-1,3-二甲苯（TNMX），并且以此为原料和苯甲醛进行优化实验条件，选择 Knoevenagel 反应的微波处理方法来制备多硝基二苯乙烯类化合物。该产物与乙酸酐-硝酸混合溶液体系反应，能够选择性制备出多硝基二苯乙烯及其衍生物的新型含能耐热材料。 78038

本文使用了绿色环保的实验方案——微波法，合成了多硝基二苯乙烯及其衍生物，此方法加快了实验的进度，并且防止了有机溶剂的使用。利用在哌啶催化和负载硅胶的条件下，进行缩合反应，有效的合成了目标产物。并拓展与其他芳香醛反应，也取得了很好的收率。验证了微波法能促进实验的进行，但是不可以改变反应进度。最后对合成出来的物质用核磁共振谱（13C NMR 和 1H NMR）进行表征分析其结构。

毕业论文关键词 Knoevenagel 缩合反应微波反应多硝基二苯乙烯选择性硝化

Title The synthesis of new resistant heat energetic materials stilbene compounds

Abstract Using m-xylene as a starting material, the 2,4,6-trinitro-m-xylene was synthetized by concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid。 By optimizing the reaction conditions with benzaldehyde, the microwave-Knoevenagel reaction was selected to synthetize multi-nitro stilbene compound。 The product mixed in acetic anhydride-nitric acid, could be selectively prepared new energetic heat-resistant material multi-nitro stilbene。

In this paper, using the green method-microwave method, multi-nitro stilbene compound was synthetized。 This method accelerated the reaction, and avoided using organic solvents。 In the use of silica load and piperidine catalysis, the target product was synthetized efficiently。 And expanded other aromatic aldehydes reaction and also made a good synthesis yield。 It was verified that the microwave reaction could promote the reaction, but could not change the progress of the reaction。 Finally, the structure of the target compounds were characterized analyzed by 13C NMR and 1H NMR。

Keywords Knoevenagel condensation reaction Microwave reaction Multi-nitro-stilbene Selective nitration

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1。1二苯乙烯及其衍生物的研究方向和进展二苯乙烯类新型耐热含能材料的合成:http://www.youerw.com/huaxue/lunwen_89810.html