摘  要：为了确定滨海盐碱地棉花生长最有利的土壤水盐条件，于2013-2014年实施了不同土壤水盐环境的大田土柱试验，并设定了不同的水埋深处理 (2013年分别为0.6、1.0、1.4、1.8、2.2、2.6 m；2014年分别为0.4、0.8、1.2、1.6、2.0、2.4 m)。结果表明 (1) 在相对干旱的2013年，分别在较优水埋深 (1.4 m和1.8 m) 处理，土壤呈现正常水分结合高盐，轻度干旱结合中盐状态。在相对湿润的2014年，分别在较优水埋深 (1.6 m和2.0 m) 处理，土壤处于正常水分结合低盐的状态。(2) 棉花光合特性在较优水埋深处理均达到较优值。在2013年水埋深0.6 m处理，2014年水埋深0.4 m处理，棉花净光合速率的降低主要是由非气孔限制造成的；同时，在其他水埋深处理，主要是由气孔限制引起的。综上，0-20和20-40 cm土层较适合的土壤相对含水量在干旱的2013年分别为54.68%-65.14%和69.14%-79.13%，在湿润的2014年分别为67.18%-69.39%和73.00%-77.92%；同样，0-20和20-40 cm土层较适合的土水比1:5浸提液电导率在2013年分别为0.92-1.20 dS m-1和0.70-0.95 dS m-1，在2014年分别为0.28-0.32 dS m-1和0.45-0.51 dS m-1。29877
毕业论文关键词：滨海土壤，水埋深，光合特性
目  录
摘  要    1
关键词    1
Abstract 1
Key words1
引言 2
1 材料和方法 3
1.1  品种和地点概述、试验设计和棉花管理3
1.2  气象资料3
1.3  实际水埋深监测4
1.4  土壤样品收集和土壤相对含水量4
1.5  土壤分析4
1.6  叶面积、叶绿素含量、光合参数和叶绿素荧光参数测定4
1.7  数据分析5
2  结果5
2.1  水埋深5
2.2  水埋深对滨海棉田土壤水盐含量的影响5
2.3  土壤水盐含量对棉花光合特性的影响6
3 讨论 9
3.1  水埋深对滨海棉田水盐含量的影响9
3.2  土壤水盐含量对棉花光合特性的影响10
结  论 11
致  谢    11
参考文献 12
 
滨海盐碱地棉田耕层最佳水盐含量的确定及对棉花 (Gossypium hirsutum L.)光合特性的影响
Determination of optimum soil water and salt content and their effects of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) photosynthesis in the plow layer of cotton field for coastal saline soil
Abstract：To target the favorable conditions for cotton growth in coastal saline soil, a two year field experiment was conducted in 2013 and 2014 by setting various environments for soil water and salt with different groundwater depths (0.6, 1.0, 1.4, 1.8, 2.2, 2.6 m in 2013 and 0.4, 0.8, 1.2, 1.6, 2.0, 2.4 m in 2014). Results showed that (1) in relatively arid year of 2013, soil exhibited normal soil-relative water content with high salt and mild drought with moderate salt in the optimal groundwater depth of 1.4 m and of 1.8 m, respectively. In relatively humid year of 2014, soil displayed normal soil-relative water content with low salt in the optimal groundwater depth of 1.6 m and 2.0 m. (2) Net photosynthesis, cotton yield and fiber quality all approached to the highest values in the optimal treatments. The reduction in net photosynthetic rate was mainly due to non-stomatal restriction in the treatment of 0.6 m in 2013 and 0.4 m in 2014. Meanwhile, in other treatments stomatal restriction was the main factor for photosynthesis limitations. In summary, the favorable soil-relative water contents for 0-20 and 20-40 cm soil depth were 54.68%-65.14% and 69.14%-79.13% in dry year of 2013 and 67.18%-69.39% and 73.00%-77.92% in humid year of 2014, respectively; similarly, electrical conductivity of a 1:5 distilled water for 0-20 and 20-40 cm soil depth was recorded as 0.92-1.20 dS m-1 and 0.70-0.95 dS m-1 in 2013, while 0.28-0.32 dS m-1 and 0.45-0.51 dS m-1 in 2014, respectively. 滨海盐碱地棉田耕层最佳水盐含量的确定及对棉花光合特性的影响:http://www.youerw.com/shengwu/lunwen_25316.html