摘要：PRKAA2基因是单核苷酸活化蛋白激酶（AMPK）的α2亚基基因，本研究采用PCR-SSCP和DNA测序方法首次分析了PRKAA2基因在我国北京鸭中的遗传多态性，从而分析北京鸭它的遗传结构及其多态性与饲料利用率的相关性，近而发现那些具有重要经济性状的个体所具有的独特的遗传特点，为北京鸭的选育提供显著的遗传标记，同时为基因标记数据库的建立提供遗传学依据。实验中采用PCR-SSCP方法对北京鸭PRKAA2基因进行分析，结果表明PRKAA2基因存在多种多态性形式，后来结合DNA测序加以分析，共发现了2个多态性位点中存在的5个突变位点。第2位点存在两种基因型，分别是AA和AB型，其频率分别为0.29和0.71。 A等位基因频率为0.645，B等位基因频率为0.355。第6位点存在三种基因型，分别是AA、AB和BC型，其频率人别为0.305、0.555和0.14，A等位基因频率为0.5825，B等位基因频率为0.3475，C等位基因频率为0.07，且χ2 适合性检验结果表明，PRKAA2基因的第2和第优尔2个位点的各基因型均不符合Hardy - Weinberg平衡定律。 34361
毕业论文关键字：北京鸭；PRKAA2基因；PCR-SSCP；分子遗传特征分析；
注：4位点和8位点的等位基因A、B是不同的。
Research on the polymorphisms of PRKAA2 Gene in Duck
Abstract: PRKAA2 gene is alpha 2 subunit gene of single nucleotide amp-activated protein kinase, the PCR-SSCP and DNA sequencing method are adopted to analyze the genetic polymorphisms of PRKAA2 gene in Peking duck for the first time, so as to analyze Peking duck its genetic structure and the correlation between polymorphism and feed utilization rate. the researchs are used to find important economic characters of the inpidual that it has unique genetic characteristics. these founds are beneficial for efficient breeding of Peking duck in China and the construction of gene marker database. Peking duck PRKAA2 gene was analyzed by using PCR-SSCP method, and the results show that the PRKAA2 genes exist multiple genetic polymorphism. Then the results are proved more by DNA sequencing.finally, 2 polymorphism locis and five SNP are found. The 2nd loci has two genotypes they are AA and AB, and the frequency of them are 0.29 and 0.71 respectively.A allele frequency is 0.645, B allele frequency is 0.355. The 6ix loci has three genotypes they are AA, AB and BC, the frequency of them are 0.305, 0.555 and 0.14. A allele frequency is 0.5825, B allele frequency is 0.3475, C allele frequency is 0.07. χ2 test results showed that genotypes of 2 locis in PRKAA2 gene do not consistent with Hardy- Weinberg equilibrium.
Key words: Peking Duck; PRKAA2; PCR－SSCP; Molecular Genetic Analysis
  Note：the A and B of 4 site and 8 site is different.
目  录
引言    1
1.我国北京鸭生产与育种发展现状    1
2. PRKAA2基因    2
1实验材料与实验方法    2
1.1实验材料    2
1.2实验药品和试剂    2
1.2.1普通试剂    2
1.2.2分子生物学试剂    3
1.2.3 主要溶液与缓冲液配制    3
1.3 试验方法    3
1.3.1血样的采集    3
1.3.2 鸭全血基因组DNA的提取    3
1.3.3 PCR反应所用引物的设计    3
1.3.4 DNA质量的检测、纯化及浓度计算    4
1.3.5 PCR最佳反应条件的筛选    4
1.3.6琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测DNA    5
1.3.7扩增产物的PCR-SSCP分析    5
1.3.8 DNA序列测定    5
1.3.9 统计分析方法    5
2结果与分析    6
2.1从血液中提取基因组ＤＮＡ    6
2.2 PCR扩增结果和PCR最佳反应条件的筛选….6 鸭PRKAA2基因多态性研究:http://www.youerw.com/shengwu/lunwen_31834.html