银杏叶多糖的提取纯化及饮料的开发研究

摘要银杏叶是一类含有多种有效成分的树叶，如黄酮类、多糖类、氨基酸、生物碱等，具有非常广阔的发展前景。银杏在我国也是一种相当常见的树木，我们国家银杏叶的产量占世界的70%左右。银杏叶多糖具有降血糖、抗炎症等多种功效，因此将银杏叶多糖进行饮料的开发是具有非常大的保健功能的。本文从银杏叶多糖的提取、纯化入手和饮料开发进行研究。本文用3,5-二硝基水杨酸（DNS）法对银杏叶多糖含量进行测定，绘制以吸光度 Y为纵坐标，多糖含量X 为横坐标的标准曲线，得回归方程是Y = 0.431X+0.07733，相关系数为 R2= 0.9998。对银杏叶多糖的溶解度进行测定，结果为 0.00497 g。运用单因素实验以及正交实验对银杏叶多糖的最佳提取工艺进行研究，结果为：温度 100 ℃，时间 4 h，料水比 1：30。用 sevag 法将银杏叶多糖中的蛋白去掉，并用离子交换柱 DEAE—纤维素和 Sephacryl-200分离纯化多糖，得到多糖制品。该论文有图 6幅，表 6个，参考文献 27篇。51084
毕业论文关键词：银杏叶多糖提取纯化饮料开发
The Study on Extraction,Purification and Beverage of GinkgoLeaves
AbstractT he ginkgo leaves is a kind of leaves with a variety of effective components, such asflavonoid、 polysaccharides、 amino acid、 alkaloidal and so on, it has a very bright future. Thefingkgo is one of the most common trees in our country, and its output accounts for the world outputabout 70%. The ginkgo polysaccharide has hypoglycemic、 anti-inflammatory and other effects.Therefore, the development of polysaccharides of ginkgo leaf’s beverage is a very large health carefunction. In this paper, from the extraction and purification of polysaccharides from gingko leaves tostudy its development of drink. In this paper, the content of polysaccharide in ginkgo leaves wasdetermined by 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) method, draw the absorbance Y for the longitudinalcoordinates, the polysaccharide content of X as the standard curve of the horizontal coordinates, theregression equation is Y = 0.431X+0.07733 correlation coefficient of R2 = 0.9998. The solubility ofpolysaccharides from ginkgo leaves was determined, and the results were 0.00497. The bestextraction process of polysaccharide from the ginkgo leaves was decided by the single factorexperiments and orthogonal test, the results were as follows : the temperature was 100 ℃, the timewas 4 hours, raw material and water ratio was 1:30. Sevag method to remove protein of thepolysaccharides of ginkgo leaf, and purify polysaccharide by ion exchange column DEAE - celluloseand Sephacryl-200 separation to get polysaccharide product.
Key words: polysaccharide of ginkgo leaf extraction purify beveragedevelopment

摘要. I

Abstract..II

目录...III

图清单... IV

表清单... IV

1 引言.1

1.1 银杏叶的概况... 1

1.2 多糖的研究现状 1

2 银杏叶多糖的提取及提取工艺的研究..2

2.1 实验试剂及仪器 2

2.2 实验方法...3

2.3 结果. 4

2.4 单因素实验....4

2.5 确定最佳提取工艺7

2.6 小结. 8

3 银杏叶多糖的纯化 8

3.1 试剂及仪器....8

3.2 实验方法...9

3.3 银杏叶多糖的溶解度的研究..10

3.4 小结.... 11

4 银杏叶多糖的饮料开发的研究.. 11

4.1 试剂及仪器. 12

4.2 实验方法12

4.3 结论...12

参考文献.... 13

致谢...14
1 引言1.1 银杏叶的概况1.1.1 银杏叶及其在我国的分布情况银杏是比较古老的孑遗植物，现在活在世上的银杏比较少而且分散，和它同纲的全部的其他植物都已经没有了，因此银杏是非常珍贵的树木。银杏树虽然成长缓慢，但是却能够存活很长时间，是树中的老寿星，具有观赏、经济及药用价值[1-2]。在3.45亿年前的石炭纪就有银杏了，在北半球的欧、亚、美洲都普遍存在。直到 50万年前，在欧亚的绝大部分地区都没有银杏了，只有中国才有，所以国外的银杏都是间或从中国传入的。从水平自然分布情况来看，北纬30°线附近的银杏是比较多的。在我们国家，种植银杏的地方很多，集中分布在温带和亚热带气候气候区内，很多省市自治区都有。在山东、浙江、江苏、贵州等省银杏树的资源分布是最多的[3]。银杏叶多糖的提取纯化及饮料的开发研究:http://www.youerw.com/shengwu/lunwen_54596.html