木霉13-1的生物功能分析摘要:木霉作为一类益生真菌,在促进植物生长和提高抗病性等方面具有重要作用。本研究以木霉13-1为材料,分析了木霉处理后对大豆植株的影响。结果表明,木霉代谢物浇灌大豆植株后,大豆叶片中的叶绿素含量、可溶性糖含量、可溶性蛋白含量、多酚氧化酶活力(PPO)和过氧化物酶活力(POD)都有不同程度的提高,同时大豆幼苗的形态指标亦有不同程度的变化,其中平均株高达到29.04cm,比对照增加16.24%;平均叶数为7片,比对照增加2.19%;接种核盘菌(Sclerotinia sclerotiorum)后,木霉处理大豆叶片的发病率为35.63%,而对照的为85.45%;盐胁迫后,用二氨基联苯胺(DAB)、氮蓝四唑(NBT)和埃文斯蓝(Evans blue)对大豆叶处进行了染色,与对照相比,木霉处理过的大豆叶片染色结果较浅,同时丙二醛的含量(MDA)降低,说明盐胁迫对木霉处理大豆叶片的损伤程度较小。8444
关键词:木霉13-1;生物功能;分析
Biological Function Analysis of Trichoderma 13-1
Abstract: As beneficial fungi, Trichoderma spp. had an important function in promoting plant growth and improving plant disease resistance, and so on. In this study, the influences of Trichoderma 13-1 on soybean plants were analysed. It was shown that chlorophyll content, soluble sugar content, soluble protein content, polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity and peroxidase (POD) activity increased at different degrees. Meanwhile, morphological indexes of soybean seedlings had also different changes. Average height reached to 29.04 cm and average number of leaves was 7, increasing 16.24% and 2.19%, respectively, compared to controls. Disease incidence of soybean leaves was 35.63% after Sclerotinia sclerotiorum inoculation compared to 85.45% of control. Meanwhile, malondialdehyde (MDA) content decreased. Soybean leaves were stained using diaminobenzidine (DAB), tetrazolium (NBT) and evans blue after salt stress. Colours of soybean leaves treated by Trichoderma 13-1 were much more shallow compared to control. This suggested that salt stress had a much lesser damage on soybean leaves treated by Trichoderma 13-1.
Key Words: Biological function;Analysis;Trichoderma 13-1
引言:
木霉(Trichoderma spp.)是半知菌门,丝孢目,木霉属,绿色木霉、棘孢木霉、哈茨木霉等是木霉中常见的种类。土壤里、植物的残体中、根围、叶围、种子部分、球茎的表面及动物粪便上是木霉生长处[1-3]。Persoons在1794年对木霉进行了第一次的描述;将木霉依据形态特征分哈茨木霉(Trichoderma harzianum)和绿色木霉(Trichoderma viride)等共11个群是Rifai和Domshchetal进行的工作。首次发现木霉菌在植物上对病原菌具有拮抗作用是在1932年,由Weindling进行探索发现[4]。国内外已有很多利用木霉菌防治植物病害研究报道,且国外已有多种木霉制剂问世[5]。目前,木霉菌的生防效果和稳定性随着现代生物技术的不断发展有了显著的提高[4]。除了在生物防治中有重要作用外,木霉还在促进植物生长、诱导植物产生抗病性等方面作用显著[6-9]。其中,木霉中使用最为广泛的哈茨木霉制成的生物药剂已经投入市场[10],为人们所接受。
木霉菌作为有益真菌,主要分布于土壤中,其适应性广泛,常作为植物病害生物防治的拮抗菌。国内已有利用木霉防治猝倒病、灰霉病等的报道[11],其拮抗作用机制是多样性的,在发展农业方面起着越来越重要的作用[12]。另外,木霉菌通过与植株根系共生,提供营养,促进其生长,并能分泌抗生物质而且具有较强的抗生活性,尤其对土传植物病原真菌引起的病害有很好的防治作用。本论文对木霉的生物功能进行分析,研究结果有利于了解木霉的功能,以期为更好的发挥木霉的生物防治功能和病害防治打下基础。 木霉13-1的生物功能分析+文献综述:http://www.youerw.com/shengwu/lunwen_6821.html