摘要研究采用经过厌氧消化的污泥残渣为原料，在不同热解温度下制备生物炭，研究其对水体污染物NH4+和PO43-的吸附性能，并将吸附后生物炭施用于土壤中，评价生物炭对土壤理化性质的影响。吸附实验表明，相比于空白组，发酵后污泥基生物炭对PO43-的吸附性能显著地提高，其中600℃条件下制备的生物炭（BC-600）吸附效果最好。吸附动力学研究表明生物炭对PO43-的吸附符合伪二级动力学模型，预示该吸附过程以化学反应为主导。热力学模型研究表明Langmuir模型更符合生物炭吸附PO43-的过程。通过Zeta电位及SEM-EDS分析探讨了发酵污泥基生物炭对PO43-的吸附机理。将吸附PO43-后生物炭（P-BC）施用于土壤中，能够显著提高土壤中速效P、K、Mg等养分的含量，有利于促进改良土壤的肥力。73651

毕业论文关键词：剩余污泥  生物炭  磷吸附  土壤改良

毕业设计说明书外文摘要

Title  A study on the adsorption of NH4+ and PO43- on biochar derived from digested sludge and its application on soil amendment             

Abstract In this study, biochar was derived from anaerobically digested waste activated sludge under different pyrolysis temperatures, and the adsorption of NH4+ and PO43- was investigated。 Then，the postsorption biochar was applied to the soil and its effect on soil properties was evaluated。 The adsorption experiment indicated that the digested sludge-derived biochar had a better adsorption capacity on PO43-compared with the blank, especially for the biochar under 600 ℃。Adsorption kinetics showed that the pseudo second order kinetic model has a good correlation with the experimental results, indicating that the adsorption process was dominated by chemical reaction。 。The thermodynamic model studies showed that the Langmuir model is more in line with the process of PO43-。The zeta potential and SEM-EDS were analyzed to determine the mechanisms of PO43- adsorption。。 P-loaded Biochar (P-BC) was applied to the soil, and the nutrients content including available P, K and Mg were improved, which was beneficial to promote soil fertility。

Keywords  waste activated sludge; biochar; P adsorption; soil amendment

目  录

1  引言 1

1。1  剩余活性污泥 1

1。1。1  剩余活性污泥简介 1

1。1。2  剩余活性污泥的处理与处置 1

1。1。3  污泥厌氧消化技术 2

1。1。4  污泥厌氧消化的影响因素 3

1。2  生物炭 4

1。2。1  生物炭简介 4

1。2。2  生物炭的性质 5

1。2。3  生物炭的土壤应用 5

1。2。5  生物炭对磷的吸附研究 6

1。3  污泥制取生物炭 7

1。4  本课题的提出 7

2  实验材料与方法 8

2。1  剩余污泥和土壤 8

2。2  实验仪器 8

2。3  实验药品 9

2。4  实验过程 10

2。4。1  污泥厌氧消化系统的构建与稳定 10