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捣固炼焦的要求及影响因素 (1) 水分控制 捣固炼焦的煤料水分控制在9%～11%较为合理，水分少煤饼不易捣实，装炉时易造成损坏。但水分过高会使煤饼强度明显降低，对捣固、炭化均不利，而且会延长结焦时间。据资料介绍有的地区在雨季，水分问题较突出，煤饼倒塌率达10%。33091
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(2) 细度要求 细度小于3mm的煤应控制在90%左右，若细度低，需消耗较高的捣固功才能使煤饼达到一定的稳定性；若装炉煤细度过高，会使堆密度和抗压强度均降低，但会使抗剪强度提高。由于煤饼的稳定性主要取决于抗剪强度，所以捣固煤料应有较高的细度。
(3) 增加瘦化组分 配煤中，为提高捣固炼焦的M40，需加入一定数量和品种的瘦化组分，因瘦化组分可减少焦炭的裂纹形成。在相同条件下，往往用焦粉作瘦化剂优于瘦煤，但焦粉作瘦化剂时，须控制焦粉的配入比和粒度并混合均匀，否则容易导致焦炭热性能变坏，并产生裂纹。
①The requirement and influence of the tamping coke oven equipment
(1) Humidity Control It’s more reasonable if the water percent of the coal material in the tamping coke oven equipment is kept in 9% to 11%. The coal cake in low water is hard to tamping. And also it will make destruction when people put it in furnace. But the intensity will be obviously down if the coal cake contains a lot of water. It’s all adverse to tamping and carbonation. It also may keep the time of coking long. According to the information that the water problem is quite clear in many areas when they are in rainy season, and the collapse rate can reach 10%.
(2) Fineness Requirements The coal whose fineness is smaller than 3mm should be controlled in 90%. If the fineness is low, it may cost a large number of tamping work to make the coal cake to stability. On the other hand, if the fineness of coal in furnace is high, it will make both bulk density and compression strength down. But it may increase the shear strength. Since the the stability of the coal cake mostly depends on the shear strength. So the tamping coal material should have high fineness.
(3) Increasing the learning agents During the coal blending, to increase the M40 of tamping coking. Many kinds of learning agents should be put in since it will decrease the crack of coking coal. In the same environment, it’s usually to use fine coke as learning agents instead of lean coal. But when fine coke is used as learning agents, the dub and fineness of fine coke must be controlled and mix them well. Otherwise, the thermal properties of the tamping coal will be bad and make crack.
Notwithstanding the enforcement of ATEX EU Directives and safety management system application, explosions in the coal sector still claim lives and cause huge economic losses. Even a consolidated activity like coke dry distillation allows the opportunity of preventing explosion risk connected to fugitive emissions of coke oven gas. Considering accidental releases under semi-confined conditions, a simplified mathematical approach to the maximum allowed gaseous build-up is developed on the basis of the intrinsic hazards of the released compound. The results will help identifying and assessing low rate release consequences therefore to set-up appropriate prevention and control measures. The developed methodology was tested at the real-scale and validated by numerical computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations showing the effectiveness of the methodology to evaluate and mitigate the risk connected to confined hazardous releases.
尽管欧盟ATEX指令的执行和安全管理系统的应用，在煤炭行业的爆炸仍然声称生命并造成巨大的经济损失。像焦炭干馏即使合并活动可以防止连接到焦炉煤气的无组织排放爆炸危险的机会。考虑半密闭条件下意外释放，简化的数学方法所允许的最大气体积聚被释放的化合物的内在危险的基础上发展起来的。研究结果将有助于识别和评估，因此要建立适当的预防和控制措施的低利率发行的后果。在开发的方法在真实规模的测试，并通过数值计算流体动力学（CFD）模拟表示该方法的有效性，以评估和减轻连接到密闭有害排放的风险验证论文网