乡绅治村古典精英民主范式的回归与重塑
[毕业论文关键词]乡绅治村 古典精英民主范式 乡政村治
Country Gentleman Govern Village：the Return and Remodeling of Classic Elite Democracy
[Abstract] Along with the reform and opening up, village governance model featured by administrative management is forming in rural area, which is the first appearance of modern democratic ballot in china. However, this doesn’t meet the people’s expectation, which means modern democratic ballot is not suitable in china. Therefore, a contracted, efficient and suitable way of democracy at the grassroots level is quite necessary for common people, rural reality and even civilization. This is not reflection to modern democratic ballot but the return and remodeling of classic elite democracy. However, during the process of regression and remodeling, administering the village by the gentlemen faces with three difficulties which are conflicts of interest, conflicts of class and conflicts of idea; therefore, we need to have some improvements in three aspects which are design of system, strengthening of supervision and transformation of idea. Only by that could the administration of the village by the gentlemen apply in the local practice and have remarkable achievements.
[Key words] country gentleman govern village classic elite democracy village administrative management
目 录
一、当前我国农村基层选票民主建设的现状及问题分析 1
（一）当前我国农村基层选票民主建设的现状 1
（二）当前我国农村“乡政村治”民主模式的亮点及问题 2
二、古典精英民主范式及其对我国农村基层民主建设的启示 4
（一）古典精英民主范式简述 4
（二）古典精英民主思想对我国农村基层民主建设的启示 5
三、乡绅治村：当前我国农村基层民主建设的新思路 6
（一）新时期乡绅治村的内涵 6
（二）乡绅治村对我国新农村建设的前景展望 7
（三）乡绅治村在实践中可能产生的冲突及相应对策 8
注释11
参考文献12
致 谢13
纵观世界历史长河，花枯花荣、潮涨潮落，人类文明社会螺旋式上升的演进历程无不深刻地彰示着一个亘古未变的发展定律：当旧世界因少数人的专制而毁灭时新世界则因多数人的民主而创始。由此看来，人类文明社会的发展史也可以看作是人类前赴后继、孜孜以求地探索和追寻多数人民主以期实现全民民主的发展历程。人类文明社会演进至今，一种名为代议制的间接民主形式已为众多现代国家青睐和采用。在中国，代议制民主则被赋予了人民代表大会制的新定义，并为其注入了中国特色社会主义的生命活力。
显然，现代选票民主范式是人类文明社会民主化进程中里程碑式的制度创造，亦是由多数人间接民主通向全民直接民主的关键环节。但是需要明确的是，现代选票民主范式尚需反诸己身加以完善，且非放之四海而皆准的——至少在中国广大的农村地区，现代选票民主范式的适用是低效率却高负担的、是用宰牛刀杀鸡的民主形式。这就急切呼唤一种简约、高效且契合本土的民主范式应用于中国农村的基层民主建设事业之中，笔者所主张的是古典精英民主范式的回归与重塑——“乡绅治村”应运而生。
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