摘要：基于单片机的超声波测距系统具有容易控制、性能可靠、测距准确、硬件价格低等优点，非常适合各个行业的使用。本文基于AT89C52单片机，设计了一种超声波测距显示系统。首先，阐述了超声波测距原理，主要是利用超声波的反射对仪器位置与障碍物之间的距离进行测量并显示。然后，根据功能要求，整个设计由硬件和软件组成。硬件电路部分，由超声波发射与接收电路、电源电路、显示电路等模块组成。每个探头的信号经过单片机综合分析处理，实现超声波测距仪的各种功能。软件设计部分，使用C语言进行编写。最后，使用Proteus仿真软件，验证电路设计的正确性。同时，制作电路板并进行功能调试。仿真和实验结果证明了硬件电路和软件设计的正确性。67551

毕业论文关键词：AT89C52单片机，超声波测距，LCD1602显示，Proteus仿真，实验

Abstract: The ultrasonic ranging system based on single chip microcomputer is easy to control, reliable performance, ranging accuracy, and low hardware price, very suitable for use in a wide range of industries. In this paper, based on AT89C52 single chip microcomputer, a kind of ultrasonic ranging system is designed. First, this paper expounds the principle of ultrasonic ranging, mainly using the ultrasonic reflection on the position and measure the distance between the obstacle and display. Then, according to the functional requirements, the whole design consists of hardware and software. Hardware circuit part, by ultrasonic transmitting and receiving circuit, power circuit, display circuit module, etc. Each probe signal by SCM comprehensive analysis processing, realize the functions of ultrasonic range finder. The software design part, using C language to write. Finally, the use of Proteus simulation software to verify the correctness of the circuit design. At the same time, the production circuit board on the function and the debugging. Simulation and experimental results prove the validity of the hardware circuit and software design.

Keywords: AT89C52 microcontroller，Ultrasonic Ranging， LCD1602 display，Proteus simulation，The experiment

目   录

1 绪论 5

  1.1 本文研究的背景与意义 5

  1.2 国内外研究的发展现状 5

  1.3 本文研究的内容与安排 6

2 超声波测距显示系统总体方案设计 6

  2.1 系统总体功能概述 6

  2.2 超声波测距的原理 7

  2.3 系统总体结构设计 8

  2.4 单片机最小系统 8

  2.5 超声波发射与接收电路 10

  2.6 显示电路 12

3 超声波测距显示硬件电路设计 13

  3.1 超声波测距显示系统电路的设计 13

  3.2 单片机最小系统设计 14

  3.3 显示电路的设计 15

  3.4 超声波测距模块 16

4 系统程序设计 16

  4.1 主程序设计 16

  4.2 显示程序设计 18

5仿真与实验 18

  5.1 Proteus仿真