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摘要近年来，随着GPS测量技术的发展，GPS测量以其高效率、高精度的特点逐渐代替传统测量方法并广泛应用于各种工程测量中。高精度GPS测量数据的处理工作越来越受到人们重视，通过对GPS基线处理可以有效地提高测量成果的精度。34375
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本文主要研究GPS基线处理方法，对GPS静态技术的主要误差来源以及影响基线质量的因素做出分析，并以宁启铁路复线测量项目采集的GPS数据作为实例利用Compass分析影响基线质量的因素，对具有代表性的基线进行处理后提出优化基线质量的方法，通过Ratio、RMS、同步环闭合差、异步环闭合差以及重复基线较差等指标对基线质量作出检验，同时在LGO中对基线进行处理，比较两者处理后的基线质量，进一步加强基线处理结果的可靠性。最后，根据处理经验进行总结，提出一些处理过程中解决超限问题常用的方法。
毕业论文关键词： 基线处理，基线质量控制，基线质量检验
Abstract In recent years, with the development of GPS measurement technology, the GPS measurement is gradually taking the place of the traditional method with its high efficiency and accuracy and is widely used in various engineering measurement.The processing of high precision GPS measurement data is paid more and more attention, and the accuracy of measurement results can be improved by GPS baseline processing.
This paper focuses on GPS baseline processing method, the main error sources of static GPS technology and influence the quality of baseline factors analysis, and to better start railway measurement items collected GPS data as examples of the use of the compass analysis of factors affecting the quality of baseline, of representative of baseline processing after the optimization method of baseline quality, through ratio, RMS, synchronous ring closure, asynchronous loop closure error and baseline repetition poor indicators of baseline quality make inspection, also in LGO of baseline processing, compared to deal with both the baseline quality, to further strengthen the baseline results reliability. At last, according to the experience of the processing, some common methods of solving the problem of the overrun problem during the process of the processing are proposed.
Key words： Baseline processing, baseline quality control, baseline quality inspection.
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
1 绪 论 1
1.1 研究目的及意义 1
1.2 国内外研究现状 1
1.3 本文主要研究内容 2
2 基线解算误差来源分析 3
2.1 主要误差来源及削弱方法 3
2.1.1 与GPS卫星有关的误差 3
2.1.2 与卫星信号传播有关的误差 3
2.1.3 与接收机质量有关的误差 4
2.2 基线解算质量控制指标 4
3 基线解算实例分析 6
3.1 项目概况 6
3.2 影响基线质量因素分析 7
3.2.1 卫星观测时间太短 7
3.2.2 周跳影响 8
3.2.3 电离层延迟和对流层折射 9
3.2.4 多路径效应 10
3.2.5 参数设置 10
3.3 基线质量检验 11
3.3.1 基线质量检验指标(E级) 11
3.3.2 基线质量检验比较（Compass&LGO） 11
3.3.3 分析统计（质量检验对比结果） 20
4 总结与展望 22
4.1 总结 22