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设计总说明: 本设计是对某小区生活污水进行序批式处理工艺设计。设计的处理规模为Q=500m3/d,进水水质为COD=400mg/L,N=40mg/L,P=8mg/L,BOD=200 mg/L,SS=220mg/L。
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由于生活污水中的有机成分所占比重大，它包括各种氨基酸、糖类和挥发性及非挥发性有机醇、酸、酮、醛和洗涤剂等可溶性物质。另外，居民小区污水还有处理难度小、水质水量变化大、排放量小、含有相当浓度的N和P、可生化性好、排放上具有不稳定性和间歇性等特点。根据这些特点，经过对各生物法处理工艺的研究比较，确定采用SBR工艺进行处理对本小区污水进行处理。
SBR是序批式活性污泥法的简称，是一种按间歇式曝气来运行的活性污泥处理技术。它的主要特点是在运行上进行有序和间歇的操作，即在同一反应池（器）中，按照时间顺序由进水、反应、沉淀、排水和闲置这五个工序构成的活性污泥处理方法。SBR技术的核心是SBR反应池，该池是初沉、二沉、均化、生物降解等功能于一池，没有污泥回流系统。非常适用在间歇排放和流量变化较大的场合。该方法不仅工艺流程简单、占地面积小、投资较低，而且适用范围广。21515
在设计规划中污水经过格栅时去除掉漂浮物，之后污水进入调节池，后经水泵一次提升后进入平流沉砂池，在沉砂池中去除颗粒物质，然后进入SBR反应池进行污水的处理。处理完成后流入消毒池经过消毒处理后排出，从反应池中出来的污泥由污泥泵提升入污泥浓缩池，污泥经过浓缩后进入脱水间脱水最后运出，完成整个污水处理过程。
根据已确定的工艺流程，本设计通过对构筑物(包括格栅、调节池、平流沉砂池、SBR反应池、消毒池和污泥浓缩池)主要尺寸的设计计算、水力损失及管路计算，完成了设计说明书的编写以及工艺流程图、平面布置图、高层布置图和主体构筑物单体图的绘制。论文网
本设计在技术上可行、在经济上合理。由于SBR工艺要求构筑物较少，因此土建费用少，另外该工艺运行管理简单，自动化程度高，也降低了运行管理的费用，所以整个工艺流程具有占地少、总投资少、运行稳定、处理效果好、能耗少等优点，并确保污水处理达标排放。本工程概算总投资费用为260.8万元，运营费用为58.74万元/年。
设计中的小区位于上海闵行，属于Ⅲ类功能水域，则处理后的出水水质执行GB18918-2002《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》中一级B标准。经过处理后估计可达要求标准，出水水质指标如下：COD ≤ 60mg/L，N ≤ 20mg/L，P ≤ 1 mg/L， BOD5 ≤ 20mg/L ，SS ≤ 20mg/L。
毕业论文关键词：小区；生活污水；SBR工艺
A domestic sewage treatment process design of sequencing batch in one residential area
General Description of The Design: This is a domestic sewage treatment process design for the residential area, which is called sequencing batch reactor activated sludge process. The treatment scale is 500 m3 / d, and the inflow qualities are that: COD = 400 mg/L, N = 40 mg/L, P = 8 mg/L, BOD = 200 mg/L, SS = 220 mg/L.
With the majority of the organic composition in domestic sewage, it includes soluble substances such as sugars, amino acids and non-volatile and volatile organic acids, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones and detergent. The sewage water in residential area also have the features of small discharge, great variation, small processing difficulty, good biodegradability, substantial concentrations of N and P, the intermittence and instability of the emission. According to these characteristics, through the study of the biological treatment process, the SBR process is determined to deal with the domestic sewage in the residential area.
SBR is short for the sequencing batch activated sludge process, which is a kind of intermittent aeration way operation of the Activated Sludge wastewater treatment technology, also is known as Sequencing Batch type Activated Sludge Process. The design is adopted by using SBR process, which is an activated sludge wastewater treatment technology by the way of intermittent aeration. The main feature of it is on the run orderly and intermittent operation, which is the activated sludge wastewater treatment method in chronological order by five basic process of inflow, aeration, precipitation, drainage and standby in the same reaction pool (instrument).SBR reaction pool is the core of the SBR technology, which set homogenization and initial setting, biodegradation, secondary sedimentation tank in a pool, no return sludge system, which is particularly suitable for intermittent discharge and the occasion of a great changing flow. This method is not only simple, small footprint, low investment, but also a wide range.