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精恶唑禾草灵对水华蓝藻的环境毒性研究精恶唑禾草灵对水华蓝藻的环境毒性研究摘要：精恶唑禾草灵属芳氧苯氧丙酸类除草剂，能够广泛地运用于防除禾本科杂草，而其在环境中的残留污染或其转化过程会导致生态毒理学的变化，带来环境风险。本文介绍了精恶唑禾草灵的污染现状以及生态毒性。以水华蓝藻铜绿微囊藻作为研究对象，通过精恶唑禾草灵对铜绿微囊藻的生长抑制、精恶唑禾草灵对蛋白质含量的影响、精恶唑禾草灵对叶绿素含量的影响，研究精恶唑禾草灵对水华蓝藻的环境毒性。实验结果表明：环境浓度为0.14 mg/L、0.17 mg/L、0.19 mg/L的精恶唑禾草灵能够抑制铜绿微囊藻细胞的生长，而铜绿微囊藻受到生长抑制与精恶唑禾草灵的浓度和暴露时间都有一定的关系。同时，本文也通过测定其蛋白质和叶绿素a的含量检测了精恶唑禾草灵对铜绿微囊藻的生物影响，为今后的研究方向进行了探计，旨在为其生态风险评价提供有价值的参考。32464
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毕业论文关键词： 精恶唑禾草灵；铜绿微囊藻；环境浓度；染毒
Environmental Toxicity of Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl on Cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa
Abstract：Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl is one kind of aryloxyphenoxy-propionic acid herbicides, and it has been used extensively in the world to control weeds. However, the residual contamination or its transformation in the environment will lead to changes in ecotoxicology, which bring about potential environmental risks. In the study, the ecotoxicity of fenoxaprop-p-ethyl on Microcystis aeruginosa was investigated. Cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa was selected as a test organism. Growth inhibition, protein content and chlorophyll content in Microcystis aeruginosa were measured to explore the environmental toxicity of fenoxaprop-p-ethyl. The results showed that at the environmental concentrations of 0.14 mg/L, 0.17 mg/L and 0.19 mg/L, fenoxaprop-p-ethyl could inhibit the growth of cells in Microcystis aeruginosa, and the growth inhabitation is related to exposed environmental concentrations of fenoxaprop-p-ethyl and exposed time. Furthermore, the index in the study has shown the biological effects of fenoxaprop-p-ethyl on Microcystis aeruginosa. Future research directions have been discussed and aimed to provide valuable reference for ecological safety evaluation of fenoxaprop-p-ethyl.
Key Words: fenoxaprop-p-ethyl；Microcystis aeruginos；environmental concentrations；contamination
目 录
1 引言（绪论） 1
1.1 除草剂对环境的污染危害 1
1.1.1 除草剂对土壤的污染 1
1.1.2 除草剂对水体的污染 1
1.1.3 除草剂对大气的污染 2
1.1.4 除草剂对农作物的危害 2
1.1.5 除草剂对人及其它动物的危害 2
1.2 精恶唑禾草灵的作用机制和药理毒性 2
1.2.1 精恶唑禾草灵的作用机制 2
1.2.2 精恶唑禾草灵的药理毒性 3
1.3 蓝藻水华的成因及污染危害 3
1.3.1 诱发蓝藻水华的成因 3
1.3.2 蓝藻水华的污染现状 4
1.4 课题研究的目的和意义 4
1.5 课题研究的内容 5
2 实验条件及预实验 5
2.1 实验条件 5
2.1.1 实验仪器 5
2.1.2 实验材料 6
2.1.3 实验药品 6
2.2 实验前期准备 6
2.2.1 BG11培养液的配置 6
2.2.2 高压蒸气灭菌 7
2.2.3 铜绿微囊藻的接种 8
2.2.4 铜绿微囊藻的培养 8