Pro／E桥式起重机的变截面主梁设计CAD/CAE
毕业设计说明书（论文）外文摘要
Title A bridge crane design of variable cross-section girder
Abstract
This design is based on the Computer Aided Design (CAD) method and the Computer Aided Engineering (CAE) method to optimize and design the bridge crane girder. Firstly, according to the actual section size, use Pro/E to build the 3d modeling. Then import the 3d modeling into the finite-element analysis software HyperWorks, do finite-element analysis in all kinds of dangerous working conditions, and study the stress cloud and displacement contours in various conditions. Check on the strength and stiffness of analysis results. Optimize the variable cross-section to get the best design scheme, which ensures that the strength and stiffness can comply with the requirements. In the design, much data was referred to, various ways were used, and all efforts were made to complete the design. The optimization scheme was repeatedly considered, carefully checked, to ensure the design scheme is reasonable.
Keywords bridge crane; girder; optimization; variable cross-section
目 次
1 引言 1
1.1 研究现状 1
1.2 研究思路 2
2 QD 20/5-22.5A6起重机主梁总体分析 5
2.1 主梁结构及材料 5
2.2 主梁截面尺寸 6
2.3 基于Pro/E进行主梁三文建模 7
3 QD 20/5-22.5A6起重机载荷分析 9
3.1 载荷的分类和工作级别的划分 9
3.2 载荷的初步分析 13
3.3 具体工况下的载荷分析 15
3.4 起重机主梁强度要求 16
3.5 起重机主梁刚度要求 18
4 QD 20/5-22.5A6起重机主梁的有限元分析及变截面优化设计 19
4.1 QD 20/5-22.5A6起重机主梁的有限元分析 20
4.2 QD 20/5-22.5A6起重机主梁的板厚变截面优化设计 28
4.3 QD 20/5-22.5A6起重机主梁的鱼腹梁变截面优化设计 36
结论 42
致谢 44
参考文献 45
1 引言
1.1 研究现状
1.2 研究思路
曾宪渊、张仲鹏等学者在《机械管理开发》中发表的《双梁桥式起重机有限元分析及优化》一文中提出：桥式起重机是提高作业效率、减轻工人劳动强度的大型起重设备。绝大多数起重机的金属结构都是用型钢和板材焊接而成。据统计，一般桥式起重机自重中的金属结构占到60 %以上，对于大跨度的起重机可占85 %以上，因此，合理减轻其自重是降低起重机制造成本的有效方法之一。目前，起重机金属结构的设计计算，大多数采用理论和类比计算。其中有较多的经验估算和简化算法，这就导致了起重机金属结构的力学性能富余和材料利用率低等问题[8]。正是基于此种考虑，本研究对20/ 5t，22.5 m的桥式起重机主梁进行分析，并对主梁变截面进行合理地优化，最终减轻桥式起重机的主梁自重。