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摘要：本研究利用已经建立的基于激光散斑技术预测苹果内部品质的支持向量机模型设计了一款便携式苹果内部品质检测分级仪。本文介绍了在树莓派B+微处理器和嵌入式Linux操作系统环境下仪器的硬件选型、软件开发和交互界面的操作流程。验证结果表明，“弘前”富士和“大沙河”富士可溶性固形物含量的仪器分级准确率分别为92.2%和92.9%，硬度的仪器分级准确率分别为95.7%和96.3%，该仪器满足对苹果内部品质的分级要求。该仪器体积小、成本低、操作简单、检测速度快，对提高苹果采后分级处理能力、国际市场竞争力，推动我国苹果乃至整个水果产业发展具有一定意义。30671
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毕业论文关键词：苹果内部品质；分级；激光散斑技术；嵌入式系统
The Design of a Portable Apple Internal Quality Inspection and Grading Instrument Based on Laser Speckle Technique
Abstract: In this study, a portable apple internal quality inspection and grading instrument was designed by using the support vector machine classification (SVC) prediction model based on laser speckle technique. This paper introduces the hardware selection, software development and interactive operation of the instrument in the environment of raspberry B+ microprocessor and embedded Linux operating system. The results showed that the accuracy rate of instrument’ grading of the soluble solids content (SSC) of Two kinds of Fuji apples (c.v.Hongqian and c.v.Dashahe) were 92.2% and 92.9% respectively, while the firmness were 95.7% and 96.3%. The instrument met the grading requirements of Apple's internal quality. The instrument is small and low cost. Operation of the instrument is simple. Detection of the instrument is rapid. This study has a certain significance to improve the post-harvest processing capacity of Apple, the international market competitiveness, and promote the development of China's apple and fruit industry.
Key words: Apple internal quality; Grading; Laser speckle technique; Portable system
摘要1
关键词1
Abstract1
Key words1
引言1
1 仪器设计的可行性分析2
1.1 便携式检测仪器在水果无损检测方面的应用现状2
1.2 激光散斑技术和模型建立研究现状2
2 仪器设计与开发3
2.1 系统整体设计3
2.2 硬件选型4
2.2.1 嵌入式开发板4
2.2.2 显示屏5
2.2.3 半导体激光发射器6
2.2.4 工业相机7
2.2.5 其他8
2.3 软件开发8
2.3.1 嵌入式操作系统的选择8
2.3.2 软件模块开发8
2.4 交互界面操作流程9
3 仪器效果验证 10
3.1 材料与方法10
3.1.1 试验材料10
3.1.2 试验仪器10
3.1.3 试验方法11
3.2 结果与分析11
4 结论与展望12
致谢13
参考文献14
附录A 便携式苹果内部品质检测分级仪外观三文建模图15
附录B 便携式苹果内部品质检测分级仪内部结构三文建模图16
附录C 便携式苹果内部品质检测分级仪内部结构三视图（真实）17
附录D 便携式苹果内部品质检测分级仪内部结构三视图（隐藏）18
图2-1 便携式苹果内部品质检测分级仪外观图4
图2-2 便携式苹果内部品质检测分级仪内部结构图4
图2-3 便携式苹果内部品质检测分级仪工作流程图4
图2-4 树莓派B+微处理器实物图5
图2-5 显示屏实物图6
图2-6 半导体激光发射器实物图7
图2-7 工业相机实物图7
图2-8 开始界面9
图2-9 参数设置界面9
图2-10 拍摄条件界面10
图2-11 图像采集界面10