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摘要随着数字信号处理技术和阵列信号处理技术的发展，麦克风阵列技术被广泛地应用于声源测向中。麦克风阵列角度谱是声源定位的主要原理之一，通过估算声源到达每个麦克风阵元的时延来测定声源方位。然而在实际的工程应用当中，例如在楼宇安防、医疗护理等应用场合，楼道复杂的墙壁结构使得声波经过多次的反射才到达麦克风阵列接收端，同时阵元间距也影响着角度谱的性能。 基于上述情况，本论文对麦克风阵列角度谱原理进行了研究，研究了室外、楼道两种不同环境，两种不同麦克风阵元间距，对基于弥漫噪声模型的角度谱算法和最小方差无失真响应波束形成角度谱算法的影响。自拟了一套数据采集方案，多次重复实验采集声频数据，运用MATLAB编程对数据进行处理，充分利用图形、表格分模块进行汇总展示，并广泛运用控制变量法与误差分析法对实验结果进行分析和总结。42577
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毕业论文关键词 麦克风阵列 角度谱 声源定位 弥漫噪声模型 最小方差无失真响应
Title microphone array angular spectra method of aisle acoustic in building
Abstract With the development of digital signal processing technology and array signal processing technology, microphone array technology has been widely used in the sound source side. Spectrally, microphone array angular spectra method is one of the main principles of sound source localization, in order to determine the orientation of the sound source and reach each microphone array element delay by estimating the sound source. However, in practical engineering applications ， for example building security, health care and other applications, corridor wall structure makes complex multiple reflection of sound waves through before reaching the receiving end of the microphone array, and the array element spacing also affects the angular spectra performance. Base on the circumstance introduced above, Our article mainly focus on the thesis of the microphone array angular spectra principle, along with two different environments which are outdoor and corridor,and two different microphone element spacings, based on diffuse noise model angle spectral distortion algorithms and minimum variance beamforming algorithms of the response spectrum method of two angles. Our self-made data sampling project is also vital in this article. we collect audio data by repeating experiments,and still using MATLAB programming for data processing by fully use of graphics, tables, multi-module summary display, and extensive use of the control variable method and Error Analysis of experimental results analyzed and summarized.
Keywords Microphone array Angular spectra Sound source localization Diffuse noise model Minimum variance distortion response
目录
1绪论1
1.1研究背景及意义1
1.2国内外研究状况2
1.3本论文主要工作3
2麦克风阵列角度谱基本原理4
2.1麦克风阵列测向原理4
2.2角度谱4
2.3时延估计…4
2.4基于弥漫噪声模型的角度谱算法…6
2.5最小方差无失真响应波束形成角度谱算法…7
3麦克风阵列数据采集…9
3.1实验概述…9
3.2实验前期准备…9
3.3采集系统介绍…9
3.4室外数据采集…10
3.5楼内走道数据采集…12
4实验结果与分析…15
4.1实测数据介绍…15
4.2室外声频角度谱16
4.3楼内走道声频角度谱26
4.4分析与总结35
5总结与展望…38
5.1全文总结…38