摘 要：古文中，君臣男女之喻手法的运用是极其广泛的。尤其以《诗经》为例，其中的很大一部分的诗词，就有运用了这一手法的迹象。《谷风》、《白华》、《氓》等的这几篇佳作，就或明或暗的都 “以男女喻君臣”，表面写闺怨，写弃妇，实则写仕途的不顺以及对当朝者的不满与怨恨；或写思妇，写望夫，实则写对君王的崇拜与仰慕。而“以男女喻君臣”的手法的广泛运用，跟“臣”与“深闺女子”的某种相似的情感以及当时社会文人墨客无法直言内心情感有着莫大的关系。君臣男女之喻的手法，在后世中也运用极广，影响极大。比如，白居易的《新乐府•太行路》、张籍的《节妇吟•寄东平李司空师道》、李商隐的“无题诗”系列等都可以看到“以男女喻君臣”手法的存在。85946

毕业论文关键词：诗经；毛诗序；男女君臣之喻；后世影响

Abstract: In ancient times, the use of Compare romantic relationship to monarch-subject relationship was extremely extensive。 In particular, the Book of Bongs, for example, contains a large part of the poem, and there are signs of this technique。 "GuFeng", "BaiHua", "Mang", such as the excellent articles, or bright or dark" Compare romantic relationship to monarch-subject relationship ", the surface of the write best hatred, this paper attempts to write, but in fact writing career setbacks as well as to the north of discontent and resentment; Or writing a woman, writing a husband, but actually writing about the worship and admiration of Kings。 While " Compare romantic relationship to monarch-subject relationship " technique is widely used, with "I" and "purdah's woman" some similar emotions and social letters can't truth feelings at that time have a great relationship。 The metaphor of the men and women of the king courtiers was very extensive and influential in the later generations。 Bai juyi's, for example, the new dynasty, taihang road, an virtuous songs, send the dongping lee is teacher's principle ", "acknowledged" series of li shangyin etc all can see the existence of " Compare romantic relationship to monarch-subject relationship " gimmick。

Key words: the Book of Bongs;Mao; Compare romantic relationship to monarch-subject relationship; later influence 

《诗经》，这一流传至今的文化瑰宝，是我国的第一部诗歌总集汇，它收集了西周初至春秋中叶的很多诗歌。并且它也反映了那一时期的社会面貌和人民的生活状况以及国家的兴亡对于普通百姓的影响。以《诗经》而作的《毛诗序》则是对其的解释与评论，也更便于读者的理解。本文我就以《毛诗序》中对于《诗经》的解释为基础，来试着探讨一下《诗经》中有哪些诗词句式运用了以男女喻君臣的这一比兴手法。

一、《诗经》中的“男女君臣之喻”源G于J优L尔V论N文M网WwW.youeRw.com 原文+QQ75201`8766

 我认为《诗经》中运用以男女喻君臣这一比兴手法的诗作有很多，而在其中较为明显的就是《邶风▪柏舟》这一篇。当然，既然明显，那《毛诗序》中就不可能没有提到。《毛诗序》中对于此诗的解释便是：“言仁而不遇也。卫顷公之时，仁人不遇，小人在侧。”“耿耿不寐”看似是一个因爱恨情仇无法入睡的深闺女子的哀愁，实则是诗人借这样一种女性之口，来抒发排解自己仕途受损，不被重用的苦恼。其实在“微我无酒，以敖以游”这一句中就可以察觉到，这显然并不会是古时普通妇人会做之事，反而是男性的可能性更高，更符合男性的行为。所以更加印证了《邶风▪柏舟》这首诗运用了以男女喻君臣的比兴手法。以此为借鉴，我们还可以发现很多其他诗中运用这一手法的痕迹。更有的诗在《毛诗序》可能并没有被解释为此，而也有可能恰恰有此之意 。