旋转炮弹地磁测姿方法研究+文献综述
本课题针对工程应用的实际需求，开展基于磁阻传感器测量炮弹姿态角的理论与仿真实验研究。论文从理论上推导了基于地磁测量姿态角的数学模型，通过理论分析确定其测量盲区，并基于炮弹仿真数据进行了算法的数值仿真验证与对比，对仿真误差问题进行了分析。30424
关键词 炮弹 姿态角 磁阻传感器 数值仿真
毕业论文设计说明书外文摘要
Title Study on the method of attitude measurement for spinning projectile based on magnetic sensors
Abstract
With the development of theory and techinology for weapon launch, the guidance and smart renovation of conventional projectile weapons has become one of the mainstream trend in the weapons filed for every military power. To exert control strategy for the rocket aircraft, we often need to the measure's feedback link in the form of the closed-loop system, which highlights the importance of attitude measurement problem. In the fire table and ballistic analysis for conventional projectile weapons, attitude measurement for projectile is always a very important and difficult problem to estimate accurately.
According to the actual requirement of engineering application, this paper carry out the theory and simulations experiment research for projectile attitude measurements based on magnetic sensors. This paper deduced the mathematical model for measurements of attitude based od magnetic sensors from theory, and determined the measuring blind area through theoretical analysis. Besides, it conducted numerical simulation for the algorithm and comparison based on the projectile simulation data, and discussed a series of errors in the algorithm.
Keywords Projectile；Attitude angle；Magnetic Sensors；Numerical simulation
目 次
1 绪论 1
1.1 课题研究背景及意义 1
1.2 国内外研究概况 1
1.3 本课题的主要工作 3
2 姿态测量中的坐标系及其转换关系 4
2.1 常用坐标系 4
2.2 姿态角与转换矩阵 6
3 地磁场的概念与计算 11
3.1 地磁场的概念 11
3.2 国际标准地磁场模型 12
3.3 地磁场的计算 14
4 地磁测姿方法研究 19
4.1 磁传感器的安装 19
4.2 零交叉法 20
4.3 极值比法 24
4.4 三正交比值法 27
4.5 算法比较分析 29
5 数值仿真与结果分析 32
5.1 仿真流程 32
5.2 仿真结果 33
5.3 仿真分析 38
结 论 39
致 谢 40
参考文献41
1 绪论
1.1 课题研究背景及意义
现代武器中，飞行器的制导化与灵巧化已成为各国军事领域发展的重点。随着对弹药打击精度要求的不断提高，弹体飞行过程中姿态参数的获取在整个系统中愈发重要。对常规弹箭类武器进行射表编制、弹道分析等工作中，弹体的姿态测量一直是一个比较重要而又难以精确估计的问题。一般来说，对短时间内非自旋炮弹的姿态获取，利用太阳方位角传感器、惯性测量单元以及GPS模块进行组合测量[1][2][3]，已经可以达到比较好的效果。但对高自旋炮弹来说，惯性器件存在体积大、累积误差大、高过载情况下量程不够等限制条件，而光敏传感器易受气候及光照条件的限制，无法实现全天候工作。
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