稀土中和渣放射性元素去除技术研究
本课题通过高温煅烧、包容固化和制备胶体后煅烧三种方法去除稀土中和渣中的放射性元素，并对处理前后的样品中的放射性比活度进行测量和分析，分析表明：将稀土中和渣制备成胶体后再进行煅烧，能够最大限度地减少稀土中和渣中的放射性比活度，同时，由于其生产工艺和经济成本都比较适宜推广，可以将其作为新的稀土中和渣清洁减容方法。
关键词 稀土中和渣 煅烧 玻璃固化 胶体制备 放射性比活度
毕业论文设计说明书外文摘要
Title Removal Technology Research on Radioactive Elements from
Rare Earth Neutralization Slags
Abstract
With the development of social economy, rare earth as "industrial vitamin", will usher in the rapid development of opportunities. However, compared to its economic benefits, there is no corresponding clean reduction method to deal with the industrial waste residue which comes from the rare earth industry, especially rare earth neutralization slags. In the face of increasingly serious environmental problems, how to remove the radioactive elements in rare earth neutralization slags will be the key factor to restrict the economic development of the rare earth industry.
Direct calcination, glass solidification and preparation of colloid before calcination are used to removal radioactive elements in rare earth neutralization slags in this paper. The radioactivity data of the in the samples which are before treatment and after treatment is measured and analyzed. Data analysis show that preparing colloidal to deal with rare earth neutralization slags before calcination can maximum reduce the radioactivity of rare earth neutralization slags. At the same time, the production process and economic costs of this method are more suitable for becoming a new and clean method to rare earth neutralization slags.
Keywords rare earth neutralization slags calcination glass solidification
preparation of colloid specific activity
目 录
1 绪论 1
1.1 稀土元素概述 1
1.2 稀土中和渣概述 2
1.3 稀土中和渣处置方法 3
1.4 研究目的与意义 5
2 中和渣高温煅烧处理研究 7
2.1 基本原理 7
2.2 实验仪器与试剂 7
2.3 实验步骤 9
2.4 样品的DSC-TGA分析 10
2.5 实验数据及分析 14
2.6 本章小结 18
3 中和渣包容固化处理研究 19
3.1 玻璃固化基本原理 19
3.2 实验仪器与试剂 19
3.3 实验步骤 19
3.4 样品煅烧前后放射性特征对比研究 20
3.5 本章小结 21
4 中和渣胶体煅烧处理方法研究 23