摘 要：湿地是地球上很有价值的生态系统，它与人类生存、繁衍和发展紧密联系，但因它的水文条件，具有涵养水源、净化水质、调节气候、维护生物多样性等湿地生态功能，被称之为“地球之肾”。然而，高强度的人类活动使得湿地面积日益减少，湿地功能逐步退化，部分区域环境严重恶化。46738

湿地生态系统的健康是对湿地生态所处状态的综合性评价，通过对湿地生态的健康评价，了解到湿地生态的结构和功能状况、生态系统所面临的压力，从而制定湿地生态系统的保护和恢复对策。

本文通过多指数景观格局的计算对西溪湿地的生态系统进行健康评价，提出湿地生态系统保护对策。首先，基于多期遥感数据，结合人机交互的湿地信息提取方法，对遥感影像提取斑块面积、斑块数等湿地信息指标，对杭州西溪湿地景观格局变化进行定量分析；其次，在近10年来湿地景观格局的变化结果分析的基础上，对湿地生态系统进行健康评价得到多指数的综合评价；最后，对评价结果分析得出保护和改善湿地环境的对策。

Wetlands are the world's most valuable ecosystems, it is with human survival, reproduction and development are closely related, because of their special hydrological conditions, water conservation, water purification, climate regulation, maintenance of the ecological functions of biopersity, known as "kidney of the earth. "However, the high intensity of human activity makes the dwindling wetlands, wetland functions gradual degradation, serious deterioration of the environment part of the region.

Wetland ecosystem health is a comprehensive evaluation of the wetland ecosystem in which the state, through the wetland ecosystem health assessment, understand the pressure the wetland ecosystem structure and functional status, wetland ecosystem faces and reactions wetland ecosystems arising, thus providing a basis for the development of countermeasures to protect and restore the wetland ecosystem.

By calculating a variety of landscape indices for Xixi wetland ecosystem health to evaluate the proposed wetland ecological protection measures. First, based on multi-stage remote sensing data, combined with wetland information extraction method of human-computer interaction, remote sensing images extracted plaque area, the number of patches and other wetland information indicators, Hangzhou Xixi Wetland Landscape Pattern Changes quantitative analysis; secondly, in the last 10 in wetland landscape pattern changes based on the results of Xixi wetland ecosystem health systems were evaluated to obtain comprehensive index; Finally, the analysis of the results of the evaluation, propose countermeasures to protect and improve the wetland environment.

毕业论文关键词：湿地； 遥感； 景观格局； 生态系统健康

Keywords: Wetland；Remote Sensing；Landscape；Ecosystem Health

目  录

1. 引言 4

1.1 国内外研究现状 4

1.2 论文框架 5

2. 研究区概况和数据 6

2.1 研究区概况 6

2.2 实验数据 6

3. 研究方法 6

3.1 湿地分类系统 6

3.2 湿地信息提取