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摘要通过研究我们发现，华兹华斯在法国大革命失败后对建立美好的自由社会失去信心，转而讴歌自然的美好，自然成了其心中美好自由社会的象征；而阮籍将目光转向自然与魏晋玄学的兴起和当时社会制度的腐蚀性、虚伪性密切相关。阮籍和华兹华斯看透当时社会的虚伪、违逆人性的本质，却无从改变，实现他们心中自由向往的社会，极大痛苦中转向“自然”，但华兹华斯和阮籍自然观是不同的。
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华兹华斯是想通过自然的超自然化，使他理想主义者的灵魂得到安宁，试图在诗歌中重建一个自然，包纳他个人的理想和对世界的想象。华兹华斯自然观集神性、理性、人性三位一体，自然不仅是一种物质的存在，而且是一种精神的存在，人的灵魂依存于自然界，在他眼中，自然引导人们追求真善美，使人们恢复人性，而阮籍的自然观是从先秦道家演化而来，阮籍在自然中看到花开花落，月圆月缺乃是自然而然的，由此他想到人生的跌宕起伏也是自然地，以一种顺应的姿态来化解其内心不可调和的矛盾。本文阐述了二者不同的自然观，阐明东西方文化的差异。6959
关键词 ： 道家 自然 魏晋玄学 浪漫主义 心灵
毕 业 论 文 外 文 摘 要
Title A comparative study between William Wordsworth and Ruanji
Abstract
WilliamWordsworth, a great Romantic poet, refreshed from the nature and portrayed his feeling about the nature in his poem. RuanJi , a Chinese philosopher in the Wei dynasty , also found strength in the nature. Nature provides people great strength and refreshes people's spirit. This paper tries to find the meaning of "nature" in the eye of Wordsworth and RuanJi, and discovers what they see from the nature. Their points about nature are important to the spiritual life of modern people and provide ways to refresh modern people from their sufferings.
Keywords Taoism Romanticism Metaphysics of Weijin period Soul
Table of Contents
1 Introduction .2
2 The Life and Social Backgroud of RuanJi and William Wordsworth3
2.1 Ruanji .3
2.2 William Wordsworth: an Age of Great Turbulence5
2.2.1 Life Experience5
2.2.2 Experience in France ..8
2.3 Comparison between Ruanji and William Wordsworth’s Life..11
3 Reestablishment of Spiritual Power in the Nature.11
3.1 Meaning of Nature in Western and Chinese History and its Development..12
3.2 Wordsworth’s Interpretation of Nature15
3.3 Nature in Ruanji..16
4 Their Different Concept about the Nature.18
4.1 Ruanji ---from Confucianism to Taoism 18
4.2 William Wordsworth ---from Turbulence to the Nature.19
Conclusion 19
Acknowledgements..20
Bibliography.21
1 Introduction
In this essay, I tried to find Ruanji and William Wordsworth's different concept about nature. In order to understand the meaning of their poem, it is necessary for us to know their life and social background, so as to understand the changing of their thoughts.
In the long history of English literature, William Wordsworth (1770-1850) is generally regarded as a great nature poet who enjoyed and worshipped the beauty of nature and led a quiet and reclusive life in the countryside. Many of his poems are about nature and simple rustic life. This study tries to make the comparison between Wordsworth and Ruanji. Ruanji was the famous poet and philosopher in Jin dynasty. He was one of the famous Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove. His idea about the nature was important to Weijin metaphysics.
Both William Wordsworth and Ruan Ji suffered from family misfortune in their childhood, and experienced social turbulences, which caused extensive meditations in their mind. Ruanji and William Wordsworth had great dreams when they were young. They aimed to do something for the people. However, both of them got totally disappointed at the corrupt politics and vicious social surroundings. Their thoughts transformed from caring humanity to seek stability in the nature. Nature refreshed their minds.