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浅析智永《真草千字文》中真书对王羲之《兰亭序》继承与创新摘要：千字文由一千多个汉字组成的韵文，是魏晋南北朝时期编撰的，是在中国古代影响很大的儿童启蒙读物。自古以来，文学作品和诗歌往往作为书法作品的载体而出现。而千字文是梁武帝命人从王羲之书法作品中集一千字而成，所以是先有书法，后成文章。它的这种特性表明了其是中国书法史上一个重要的组成部分。因其朗朗上口的内容和王羲之书法的艺术魅力，历来书家往往通过千字文来继承和学习王羲之经典，各自创作出代表自己鲜明个性风格的千字文作品。本文重点研究智永《真草千字文》中的艺术风格特色以及智永对王羲之书法的笔法与结字的继承创新，从中我们可以学习到书法作品在继承中对师古不泥的诠释。31291
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毕业论文关键词：千字文 智永 王羲之 继承 创新
Shallow of wisdom and the grass thousand character classic books of wang xizhi "handicraftsmen in inheritance and innovation
Abstract: the thousand character classic verse composed of more than one thousand Chinese characters, the compilation of the wei jin southern and northern dynasties period, is of great influence in ancient China children's primers. Since the ancient times, literature and poetry often appear as a carrier of calligraphy. And thousand character classic is the emperor wudi orders from wang xizhi calligraphy cimc one thousand words, so came first, the calligraphy after into the article. This kind of its characteristics shows that it is an important component of Chinese calligraphy. Because of its content and the artistic charm of wang xizhi calligraphy catchy, traditionally shoka often through thousand character classic wang xizhi classic inheritance and learning, to create on behalf of their respective distinctive style of thousand character classic works. Yong "grass thousand character classic", the essay focuses on the research think the art style characteristic and the wisdom never to calligraphy of wang xizhi brushwork and the word of the inheritance, innovation, from which we can learn calligraphy of pision in the inheritance of ancient mud interpretation.
Keywords: thousand character classic yong wang xizhi inheritance innovation
一、智永《真草千字文》
智永，俗姓王，名法极，会稽（浙江）人，书法家王羲之七世孙。大部分二王真迹他都见过，他本人也擅长真草。他常年居于永欣寺内修行，但其善于书写的名声扬外。时人都争先恐后的来索求他的书法作品，以至于门槛都被踩烂，才不得不将门槛上包上铁皮，“铁门限”故事就是由此而来。他学书朝夕苦练，长达三十年之久，他将所有的破笔都埋在土中，堆砌成坟冢，并称之为“退笔冢”。
根据文献考证，智永写了《千字文》八百本。现存《智永真草千字文》共两本，刻石和墨迹各一本。“关中本”，又称“陕西本”，现藏故宫博物馆，原石藏西安碑林。此本字形较扁，隶意未尽，显古雅。传世墨迹本，为日本谷铁臣所藏，后为小川为次郎，故宫博物馆藏有拓本。
智永《真草千字文》字形结构十分谨严，用笔精到一丝不苟。他的行笔精练熟道，飘逸中含古意，温润中含秀劲。宋米芾《海岳名言》评曰：“智永临集千文，秀润圆劲，八面具备”。又如苏轼所评：“精能之至，返造疏淡。”草书的每个字都是分开独立的，用笔精练，笔画肥劲，活泼生动；楷书方圆并用，结构紧凑，有晋人书风法度。“师远祖逸少，.......微尚有道之风，半得右军之肉。” 他继承并总结了“二王”正草两体的结体、用笔。