摘 要:激光具有单色好、准直性高 、相干性强以及亮度高等特点,因此在航空、遥感、通信等多领域有着广泛的应用。但是,激光容易受到自然环境影响,尤其是云、雾天气。本文主要根据Mie理论和云、雾的尺寸分布模型计算云、雾引起激光传输的衰减。结果显示,云对可见和近红外激光的衰减均较大,并随着波长的增加而有所增加,但对于中红外的大气窗口频率 的衰减较小;当能见度较小时,雾引起的特征衰减均较大,且随波长的变化较小,只有中红外时的衰减有所减小,且当能见度较大时,辐射雾随波长的变化较大,当波长相同时,辐射雾的衰减较平流雾的小,随着波长的增加,两者的差别逐渐增大。62795
毕业论文关键词:激光传输,云,雾,Mie理论,衰减特性
Abstract:Laser becomes more widely used in many fields such as aviation, remote sensing and communication because of its high coherent, brightness, directivity. But laser is easy to be affected by the nature environment, especially the weather of cloud and fog. In this paper, based on Mie theory and size distribution, attenuation of laser transmission caused by cloud and fog ia calculated. Results show that the attenuation of the visible and near-infrared laser is large, the longer the wavelength, the bigger the attenuation, but the attenuation of the atmospheric window frequency is small; When visibility is smaller, the attenuation caused by fog is larger and less change with wavelength change, it is smaller in the infrared attenuation, when the visibility is larger, the attenuation by radiation fog is larger with wavelength changed and smaller than advection fog at the same wavelength , with the increase of the wavelength, the difference increases gradually between them.
Key words:laser transmission, cloud, fog, Mie theory, attenuation characteristics
1 引言 6
2 云、雾的基本物理特性 7
2.1 云、雾的物理特性 7
2.2 云、雾的尺寸分布 8
2.3 激光与云、雾的作用机理 9
3 云、雾引起激光传输的衰减 9
3.1 激光在云、雾中的传输衰减模型 9
3.1.1 雾衰减的经验衰减模型 10
3.1.2 Mie理论 11
3.2.云、雾引起激光传输的衰减 11
3.2.1 云的衰减 11
3.2.2 典型雾的衰减 12
结 论 15
参考文献 16
致 谢 17
1 引言
大气激光传输凭借着其通信容量大、保密性强、速率快、结构方便、设备经济和无需频率许可等优点,已经在深空、星地和局域网等领域得到了广泛的应用,其应用范围和领域还在不断的扩展中[1]。随着激光技术的不断发展,激光的应用也越来越广泛,但是云、雾是一种瞬息万变,纷繁复杂的大气过程,激光在云、雾中的传输会随时间和距离的变化而产生随机波动变化,因此,云雾对激光传输衰减作用的研究就显得格外的重要。
对于各种地基探测系统、激光通信等,对流层中各种因素对激光传输的影响是一些关键性的问题。对流层是指由地面至10~12km高度范围内的大气层,对流层内的温度随高度的增加而逐渐下降。在对流层中,除了晴空大气情况下的大气分子和气溶胶粒子引起的衰减外,各种天气变化,例如云、雾、雨、雪、沙尘等都是发生在低空大气中的特殊气象现象,均对激光大气传输有较大的影响,尤其是云雾天气。 云雾对激光传输的衰减特性研究:http://www.youerw.com/wuli/lunwen_69087.html