摘  要锌作为一种重要的有色金属在社会各个领域得到了广泛的应用。但是中国在锌的回收，再生和利用水平上却大大落后于世界先进国家，造成了资源、能源、水源的浪费和环境的污染。因此，提高我国的锌的回收，再生和利用水平具有重要的意义。回收锌能缓解有限锌资源和无限需求的矛盾，工厂再生产锌时能降低消耗并且减少生产成本，同时也能保护环境。87193

本文以电炉烟尘为原料，采用真空碳热还原工艺提取锌。考察了系统压强、还原温度、还原时间等对Zn还原率的影响，借助于SEM和XRD等表征手段来进行分析。探究了Zn、Pb、Fe等及其氧化物的挥发性和稳定性以及这些氧化物在真空中的还原性；对电炉烟尘碳热还原热力学进行了分析，包括计算碳热还原反应的标准摩尔吉布斯自由能变化和计算相关物质的热力学数据。

 实验结果表明，在条件是：还原温度为1173K，还原时间为40min，还原压强为1000Pa时，得到还原率最高的组合，最高还原率为80。07％。采用真空碳热还原工艺，发现其中的Zn绝大部分被提取出来。本课题的研究可以充分利用含锌烟尘中的锌，变废为宝，使资源得到利用，并产生一定的经济效益和社会效益。

毕业论文关键词：电炉烟尘；锌；碳热还原；热力学

Abstract Zinc as an important non-ferrous metals in all areas of society have been widely used。But the Chinese zinc recovery, regeneration and utilization levels are far behind the level of advanced countries, resulting in the pollution of resources, energy, water, waste and the environment。Therefore, improving our recycling zinc, regeneration and utilization level is of great significance。Zinc recovery can ease the contradiction between limited resources and unlimited demand for zinc; zinc can reduce the cost of production and consumption; to reduce environmental pollution in the production process and the like。

In this paper, EAF dust as a raw material, vacuum carbon thermal reduction process, by means of SEM and XRD characterization methods on Zn pressure reduction rate inspection systems, pellet diameter, reduction temperature, reduction time。And explore Zn, Pb, Fe, etc。, and the volatile oxides; metal oxide Zn, Pb, Fe and other stability in vacuum; the metal oxide in a vacuum reductive;EAF dust carbothermic reduction thermodynamic analysis, including the calculation of standard carbon thermal reduction reaction molar Gibbs free energy change, and related substances thermodynamic data and thermodynamic calculations。

    The experimental results show that this experiment the highest reduction rate was 80。07%。After vacuum reduction reaction, found that for the most part of the zinc can be extracted。Using vacuum zinc extracted from electric furnace soot carbon thermal reduction process, the method of feasible technology, simple equipment, easy operation。This topic research can make full use of zinc from the zinc dust, waste, make more use of resources, and produce certain economic benefits and social benefits。

Keywords:  EAF dust； Zinc； vacuum  carbothermic reduction； Thermodynamics science

目  录

摘  要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪论 - 1 -

1。1 电炉烟尘的产生及处理 - 1 -

1。1。1 电炉炼钢厂的工艺流程 - 1 -

1。1。2 烟尘产生的原因 - 3 -

1。1。3 炼钢电炉烟尘治理 - 3 -

1。2 电炉烟尘的性质 - 4 -