摘要：蜂胶是蜜蜂采集的一种树枝状物质，蜂胶主要成分有酚类、醇类、酸类以及黄酮类化合物。蜂胶具有抗氧化、抗癌、抗菌等多方面的药理活性。本实验采用超声波提取法对蜂胶中有效成分进行提取，通过单因素实验和响应面分析对超声波提取工艺进行优化，结果表明料液比对蜂胶中有效成分的总含量有着显著的影响。利用响应面优化法所得模型，预测最佳工艺条件为超声时间11min10s，超声功率960w，乙醇浓度70%以及料液比1：40，该条件下蜂胶中有效成分提取率应高达5.8600%。但实验结果表明实际值与预测值之间存在较大的差异，说明本次实验中可能存在有比较大的测试误差，因此尽管模型本身的有效性很好，但数据的可重复性严重影响了实验数据与模型预测之间的误差。41015
毕业论文关键词： 蜂胶；超声波提取法（UAE）；高效液相色谱法（HPLC）；响应面优化法（RSM）
Studies on the extraction technology of propolis from China
Abstract: Propolis is a resinous hive product collected by bees. Propolis is a complex mixture of phenols, acids, alcohol and flavonoid compounds. Propolis have a variety of pharmacological activities, such as antioxidant, anticancer ,antibacterial and so on. We will use the ultrasound-assisted extraction(UAE) method to extract effective components from the propolis in this experiment. According to the single factor tests and response surface analysis, the process of the ultrasound-assisted extraction(UAE) has been optimized. The results show that the ratio of material to liquid has a significant effect on the total content of effective components in propolis. Optimized by response surface method, the optimum technological conditions are concluded, which include ultrasonic time of 11min10s,ultrasonic power of 960w,ethanol concentration of 70 per cents and the ratio of material to liquid of 1:40.Under these conditions, the total content of effective components in propolis is up to 5.8600 per cents. However, the experimental results show a great difference between the actual value and the predicted value, which means that the experiment may exist in relatively large measurement error. Although the effectiveness of the model itself is extremely good, the reproducibility of the data seriously affects the error between the actual value and the predicted value.
KeyWords: Propolis；Ultrasound-assisted extraction(UAE)；High performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)；Response surface methodology(RSM)
目  录
1 文献综述    1
1.1 蜂胶的基本介绍    1
1.1.1 蜂胶的概述    1
1.1.2 蜂胶的特性    1
1.1.3 蜂胶的有效成分    2
1.2 蜂胶的药理活性    3
1.2.1 抗氧化功能    4
1.2.2 抗癌功能    4
1.2.3 抗菌、抗病毒功能    5
1.2.4 降血脂功能    5
1.2.5 降血糖功能    6
1.2.6 免疫调节    6
1.2.7 保肝作用    6
1.2.8 其它作用    6
1.2.9 毒、副作用    7
1.3 提取蜂胶中有效成分的方法    7
1.3.1 乙醇浸提法    7
1.3.2 超声波提取法    7
1.3.3 索式提取法    8
1.3.4 超临界CO2流体萃取法    8
2 影响提取工艺的因素考察    9
2.1 材料和方法    9
2.1.1 实验条件、试剂和仪器    9
2.1.2 实验方法    9
2.2 HPLC中的方法考察    12
2.2.1 色谱柱的考察    12
2.2.2 柱温的考察    13
2.2.3 检测波长的考察    14 中国产蜂胶提取工艺的研究:http://www.youerw.com/yixue/lunwen_40932.html