摘要石墨烯具有大的比表面积和良好的导电性,将氢氧化镍负载在石墨烯上,并形成水凝胶,可显著抑制氢氧化镍纳米粒子的团聚现象,降低电化学体系阻抗,有效提高材料电化学性能。本论文采用一步水热法将氢氧化镍粒子负载到石墨烯片上并形成复合物水凝胶。利用XRD、TEM等手段对复合物水凝胶进行了结构表征,并对其电化学性能进行了研究。结果表明,通过水热合成法可以成功制备出石墨烯表面均匀负载氢氧化镍水凝胶复合物(NGH),纳米氢氧化镍为褶皱的片状结构。研究发现,控制反应参数(负载比,反应时间以及反应温度),复合物水凝胶的电化学性能随之改变。在电流密度0.5 A/g时测得最大比电容为990.2 F/g。高的比电容能使制得的氢氧化镍/石墨烯水凝胶复合材料有望用于作为超级电容器的电极材料。7564
关键词 石墨烯 氢氧化镍 水凝胶 电化学性能 比电容 超级电容器
毕业设计说明书(论文)外文摘要
Title The synthesis of Ni(OH)2/Graphene composite hydrogels and their properties
Abstract
Graphene has a large specific surface area and good conductivity. Anchoring Ni(OH)2 on graphene sheets into hydrogels could significantly inhibit the nano-Ni(OH)2 agglomeration in the electrochemical cycle, and reduce the electrochemical system impedance,which could effectively improve the material performance.In this paper,one-step hydrothermal method was used to prepare the graphene-Ni(OH)2 composite and the composite system was finally prepared into hydrogel.The microstructure of obtained composite was investigated by XRD、TEM and other methods, and its electrochemical properties were also studied.The results show that using the hydrothermal method could uniformly load the fold-sheet structure Ni(OH)2 to the graphene sheets and form a composite named as NGH(Ni(OH)2/ Graphene Hydrogel). Raw material’s ratio has a great effect on the electrochemical properties.With the reaction parameters(raw material’s ratio, reaction time, and reaction tempreture)changed,the electrochemical properties of the NGH change afterwards. The NGH exhibits a high specific capacitance of 990.2 F/g at a charge and discharge current density of 0.5 A/g. The high specific capacitance makes the obtained composite promising for electrode materials applied in supercapacitors
Keywords Graphene; Ni(OH)2; Hydrogel; Electrochemical Performance; Specific capacitance; Supercapacitor
目 次
1 绪论 1
1.1 超级电容器 1
1.2 石墨烯 2
1.3 石墨烯基复合物 4
1.4 氢氧化镍 5
1.5 水凝胶 7
1.4 本论文的工作 8
2 氢氧化镍/石墨烯水凝胶形成条件的探索 9
2.1 引言 9
2.2 实验部分 9
3 氢氧化镍/石墨烯水凝胶复合物的制备、表征及其电化学性能 14
3.1 引言 14
3.2 氢氧化镍/石墨烯水凝胶复合物制备实验 14
3.3 石墨烯/氢氧化镍水凝胶复合物的表征 15
3.4 NGH的电化学性能研究 18
结 论 30
致 谢 31
参考文献 32
1 绪论
信息、材料和能源被称为新科技革命的三大支柱。而能源是人类赖以生存和发展的物质基础,是推动国民经济发展的强大动力。目前我国的能源面临能源利用率低、以煤为主的能源生产结构、人均能源拥有量和储备量低等问题。开发和利用新能源以及新型能源的存储(如氢的储存、储电等)成为人类长期面临的两大困难。新型能源的储存和运输是能源领域研究的热点,也是新型能源能否得以广泛应用的瓶颈。 氢氧化镍石墨烯复合物水凝胶制备及其性能研究:http://www.youerw.com/cailiao/lunwen_5579.html