摘要：聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）具有良好的透明性、气体阻隔性和力学性能、且无毒无，广泛应用饮料瓶、纤文、工程塑料和薄膜等领域。我国是世界PET生产、消费第一大国，废弃PET排入自然界造成白色污染。PET化学回收方法，将PET解聚成单体或低聚体，是实现PET废弃物循环利用最为有效的途径。
    本毕业论文重点是合成十二烷基三甲基溴化铵盐杂多酸、十优尔烷基三甲基溴化铵盐杂多酸和十八烷基三甲基溴化铵盐杂多酸三种催化剂，考察了具有相转移和超强酸性能的催化剂对PET水解的作用，探究三种催化剂在不同的温度、反应时间、催化剂的量条件下，水解PET得到不同的产率和转化率，得到相对较好的降解工艺。最终所得的结果为在反应温度170℃下0.4g的十优尔烷基三甲基溴化铵盐杂多酸反应10h时对PET的降解水解的催化效果最好。这为PET的降解回收提供了一定的参考依据。19498
关键词：PET聚酯；相转移催化剂；超强酸；水解；化学回收
The alcoholysis reaction of PET catalyzed by acid bifunctional phase transfer catalysts
Abstract：Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) exhibits excellent transparent,gas barrier and mechanical properties, non-toxic, tasteless, and is used widely in the world. China possesses the most usage quantity on PET production and consumption. Extensive use of PET materials, lead to the waste disposal management difficulties,due to the problem, PET industry, both manufacturing as well as processing, poses a positive threat to clean environment. Among the various PET recycling technologies, chemical recycling method, such as hydrolysis and alcoholics, is one of the most effective and scientific method for PET waste treatment.
This article focuses on the synthesis of dodecastyle trimethyl ammonium bromide hetero-poly acid, cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and octastyle hetero-poly acid trimethyl ammonium bromide hetero-poly acid three catalysts, examines the role of phase transfer catalysts and superacid of PET hydrolysis. Probe the three different catalysts inquiry yields and conversion rates and the hydrolysis of the obtained PET at different temperatures, reaction time, amount of catalyst conditions to obtain the relatively good degradation processes. The final result is obtained at a reaction temperature at 170 ℃ 0.4 gram of cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide salt of hetero poly acid catalyzed reaction of PET hydrolysis degradation 10h when the best. This provides a frame of reference for the degradation of recycled PET.
Key Words：PET polyester；phase transfer catalyst；superacid；hydrolysis；chemical recycling
目录
1 前言    1
1.1 PET聚酯的性质及应用现状    1
1.1.1 PET聚酯及基本性质    1
1.1.2 PET聚酯的应用现状    1
1.2 PET降解的国内外研究现状    2
1.2.1 再生PET聚酯瓶的国内外发展现状    2
1.2.2 废旧PET的再生方法    2
1.2.3 废PET的化学循环利用技术的进一步研发    8
1.3 本课题的研究目的和意义    8
2 实验方法和实验内容    9
2.1 实验材料试剂和仪器设备    9
2.1.1 实验材料和试剂    9
2.1.2 实验仪器和设备    9
2.2 实验采取的方法和技术    9
2.2.1 催化剂的合成    9
2.2.2 PET的催化水解反应    10
2.3 实验内容    12
2.3.1 三种杂多酸季铵盐催化剂的合成    12
2.3.2 三种催化剂催化PET降解的水解反应    12
3 实验结果与讨论    13
3.1 三种催化剂催化降解PET的实验结果记录    13 双功能相转移酸性催化剂催化的PET醇解降解反应:http://www.youerw.com/huaxue/lunwen_10876.html