摘要初中科学是一门以实验为基础的学科，在新课程标准中也对初中科学课堂实验提出了更高的要求。近年来，在中考中实验题的比例更是逐渐加重，可见实验在初中科学教学中的地位正在逐渐提高。课堂演示实验是初中科学实验教学中的重要组成部分，教师可以利用演示实验来达到自己的教学目的，所以课堂演示实验在如今初中的科学课堂上大受欢迎。本文将主要研究和探讨在初中科学课堂中演示实验与理论教学是如何互相促进的，并结合有关教学理论和实际案例分析课堂演示实验在促进学生学习相关理论知识上的重要性。笔者在研究过程中查阅了大量资料，研究了许多相关实际教学案例。本研究阐述了科学演示实验在科学教学中的重要作用，从教育心理学的角度分析了演示实验的教育功能，并结合实际案例阐述了演示实验的教学功能。最后为提高演示实验教学作了进一步思考并提出了自己的一些建议。61301

Abstract Junior Science is a discipline based on experiments in the new curriculum standards for middle school science class experiment also put forward higher requirements. In recent years, the proportion of the test questions in exams is gradually increased, showing that the experiment in junior high school science teaching position is gradually improving. Junior high school science classroom experiment demonstration experiment is an important part of teaching; teachers can use to achieve their demonstration experiment teaching purposes, classroom demonstration experiment so popular now in junior high school science classroom. This paper will explore the major research and demonstration experiments and theoretical relevance of teaching science in junior high school classroom, combined with relevant teaching theory and practical case studies classroom demonstration experiment in the theory of knowledge on the importance of promoting student learning. I looked at a lot of, a lot of research related to the actual teaching cases during the study. This study describes the important role of science demonstration experiments in science teaching; educational psychology from the perspective of the demonstration experiment educational function, combined with practical examples described demonstration experiment teaching function. Finally, in order to improve teaching demonstration experiment was further thinking and made some of his own advice.

毕业论文关键词：科学教学； 演示实验； 教学理论

Key words: Science teaching ；demonstration experiment；teaching theory

目    录

摘  要 2

1 引言 4

1.1论文研究背景及现状 4

1.2论文研究意义 4

1.3论文的研究目标及研究方法 4

2 科学演示实验理论概述 5

2.1初中科学课堂演示实验 5

2.2科学演示实验在科学教学中的重要作用 5

2.2.1由课堂演示实验导入新课 5

2.2.2 引起学生的兴趣，启发学生的思考 5

2.2.3给学生实验操作起到示范作用 6

3 科学演示实验的教育心理学理论基础 7

3.1建构主义理论 7

3.2 情景学习理论 7

3.3 戴尔经验之塔理论 7

4 科学演示实验的教学功能 9