摘要：雕刻是一种钻铣组合加工方式，数控雕刻机能根据雕刻路径的要求，得到所需要的雕刻效果，它的自动化和较人性化的操作方式，改变了手工雕刻的低效性和局限性，能够极大提高雕刻质量及雕刻效率。随着雕刻工具和技术的不断改进，从生产到人们的生活，雕刻所涉及的领域越来越广。本文论述了雕刻机的控制及驱动方式，设计了基于PLC控制的三文雕刻机的电气控制线路，并编制了实现轨迹运行的控制程序。三文雕刻机为滚珠丝杠设计，X、Y、Z三轴采用步进系统，分别通过CPU的高速脉冲输出PTO及定位模块EM253实现三根轴的位置控制，主轴采用交流变频驱动，系统中设置了限位开关和位置感应器以防止运动超程。调试结果表明，系统可以实现一定精度的雕刻轨迹控制，达到了设计指标的要求。6405
关键词：雕刻机；步进系统；滚珠丝杠；PLC
A Design of PLC based Engraving Machine
Control System
Abstract: Engraving is a kind of combined machining method. Based upon the requirement, digital controlled engraving machine can implement the performance of engraving, its automatic and user friendly operating mode enhances the productivity and improves flexibility and quality as well. With the development of tools and technology engraving application has been more and more used from industrial production to people’s daily life. The paper describes the control and drive method of an engraving machine, designs a PLC based electrical control diagram of 3D engraving machine, and writes the control program for trajectory move. Roll-Ball lead screw design, 3D engraving machine has stepping control system in X, Y, Z axis, the position control on those three axis is realized through high speed CPU pulse output PTO and positioning module EM253. Main axis is driven by AC inverter and the system has limit switch and position sensor for overrun protection. The test result shows that the system can perform the engraving trajectory control with expected accuracy and meet the design criteria.
Key Words: Engraving Machine, Stepping Control System, Roll-Ball Lead Screw
Design, PLC
目录
1绪论 1
1.1 课题背景 1
1.2 雕刻机及其应用 1
1.2.1 分类及应用 2
1.2.2 数控雕刻系统 2
1.3 课题研究的主要内容 3
1.3.1 KNT-PHT3运动系统介绍 3
1.3.2 课题研究的主要内容 4
2方案论证 5
2.1 驱动方案选择 5
2.1.1主轴的驱动方式 5
2.1.2 X、Y、Z轴的驱动方式 5
2.1.3 伺服电机与步进电机比较 6
2.2 控制方案选择 7
2.2.1 DSP控制 7
2.2.2 电路板控制 7
2.2.3 数控系统嵌入计算机控制 8
2.2.4 PLC控制 8
2.3 步进电机 8
2.3.1 步进电机的分类及其控制方式 8
2.3.2 PLC在步进电机控制中的应用 9
2.4 传感器选择 10
3硬件电路设计 11
3.1 主电路设计 11
3.1.1 电源部分设计 11
3.1.2 步进电机及驱动器电气线路设计 13
3.2 PLC外部电路设计 16
3.2.1 PLC的选型 16
3.2.2 PLC高速脉冲发生器（PTO） 16
3.2.3 EM253位控模块 17
3.2.4 PLC的I/O分配 18
3.2.5 PLC外部电气接线图 19
4程序设计及调试 22 PLC雕刻机机床控制系统设计+接线图+流程图:http://www.youerw.com/jixie/lunwen_3935.html