摘要伴随着人类科技的不断进步，各种新型的、高性能的生产原料也随即应用于各个生 产领域。涤纶短纤维作为世界上产量最大，最常见的合成纤维，凭借着其较高的断裂强 度和较低的断裂伸长，在热水中的低收缩率，小于常规纤维的切断长度，在其他介质中 的高程度可分散性，高适应性等，已经在造纸业，复合材料的加强填料，植绒类产品取 得了不可替代的地位，为了使涤纶生产满足不同的产品要求，切断机的研究刻不容缓。 纤维的长度规格有超短纤维、短纤维、中长纤维，规范长度分别为 8mm，38mm，68mm 等。纤维的规格越短其所需要的工作精度就越高，因此作为生产短纤维的设备，最关键 的就是如何能连续稳定且精确地将纤维材料切断成所需要的纤维长度。83766
本次设计任务中的纤维切断机采用滚压式切断方法切断 38mm 涤纶纤维，是将由曳 引辊张力调节装置提供的丝束经丝束导丝器绕到刀盘上，然后经气动压轮加压，稳定切断丝束的一种机械。设计任务中主要包括切断机主体、气动压轮组件、丝束导丝器组件、 曳引辊张力调节装置等多个任务。
在设计过程中，综合运用了 Solidworks 和 AutoCAD 等软件完成切断机结构设计， 其中不仅涉及到了大量的标准件选型，非标准件的结构设计，还综合考虑到各个机械部 件之间的配合关系，最后运用所学机械知识对设计的机械结构进行基本的优化设计，尽 量做到结构紧凑化、经济化、可行化。同时也设计了 PLC 控制梯形图，实现了对切断机 整体气动部分的自动化控制。
毕业论文关键词：切断机；气动压轮；丝束导丝器；曳引辊调节机；PLC 控制
Abstract
With the continuous progress of human science and technology, a variety of new, high performance of the production of raw materials are also applied to various production areas。 Polyester staple fiber as the most production, the most common synthetic fiber in the world with its high breaking strength and lower elongation at break, low shrinkage in hot water, less than the cut length of the conventional fiber, high dispersibility and high adaptability in other media, has already played an irreplaceable role in the paper, a reinforcing filler composite material and flocking products。 In order to satisfy the requirements of different products, the research of cutting machine is of no delay。 The length of the fiber is super short fiber, short fiber, medium length fiber, lengths were 8mm, 38mm, and 68mm etc respectively。 The shorter the fiber is, the higher the accuracy of the work is, therefore, as a device for producing staple fibers, the most critical is how to continuously stable and accurately cut the fiber material into the desired length of the fiber。
The fiber cutting machine in this design task uses rolling cutting method to cut off the 38mm polyester fiber。 By traction and tension adjustment device of the tow by tow yarn guide around the knife on the plate, then by pneumatic pressure wheel pressure, stable cut tow of a mechanics。 The design task mainly includes the main body of cutting machine, pneumatic wheel, tow wire, traction roller tension adjusting device of 4 tasks。
In the design process, the integrated use of AutoCAD and Solidworks and other software to complete the structural design of cutting machine, which not only involves a large number of standard parts selection, non standard parts of the structure design, but also comprehensive consideration of the agreement between the various mechanical components。 Finally, using the learned knowledge of mechanical design of mechanical structure optimization design basic, try to be compact, economical, feasible。 At the same time, the PLC control ladder diagram is designed to realize the automatic control of the whole pneumatic part of the cutting machine。 Solidworks38mm涤纶短纤维丝束切断机设计+CAD图纸:http://www.youerw.com/jixie/lunwen_98881.html