多环芳烃（萘）污染对绿萝生理指标的影响
时间:2018-04-09 22:48 来源:毕业论文 作者:毕业论文 点击:次
| 摘要：在现代石油化工、资源和交通运输行业的快速发展，以及生活垃圾和工业废品的过度排放过程中，有机物污染环境的问题越来越突出。多环芳烃是持久性有机污染物，广泛存在于人类生存的自然环境，如土壤、农作物、水、食物和大气层。在一些严重污染地区，土壤中多环芳烃的含量可高达10mg/kg，危及农产品安全和人体健康。本论文通过水培实验研究了多环芳烃（萘）污染对水培植物绿萝生理指标的影响。结果表明，随着萘溶液浓度的不断增加，植物叶绿素含量逐渐降低，过氧化物酶活性显示出增长趋势。萘污染对水培植物具有明显的毒害作用。采用用分光光度法研究萘污染对水培植物的影响，基本可以从叶绿素含量及过氧化物酶活性的数据中发现毒害现象。20835 毕业论文关键词：多环芳烃；萘；叶绿素；过氧化物酶活性 Effects of PAHs (naphthalene) on physiological indexes of Scindapsus aureus Abstract: In the process of rapid development of modern petrochemical industry, resources and transportation industry, as well as excessive life rubbish and industrial waste, the environmental problems of organic contaminants attracted much attention in recent years. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are persistent organic pollutants, which widely exist in soil, crops, water, food and the atmosphere. In some serious pollution area, the content of PAHs in soil could be up to 10 mg/kg, which is harmful to the safety of agricultural products and human health. In this work, the hydroponic experiments were conducted. As one of PAHs, naphthalene was focused. Scindapsus aureus was selected as the model hydroponic plant. The effects of naphthalene on physiological indexes of Scindapsus aureus were investigated. The results showed that chlorophyll content of Scindapsus aureus decreased gradually and peroxidase activity of Scindapsus aureus increased with the increasing of naphthalene concentration. It can be seen that there was the obvious toxicity of naphthalene on hydroponic plants. It is suggested that the effects of naphthalene pollution on aquatic plants can be assessed with the chlorophyll content and peroxidase activity of hydroponic plants using spectrophotometer. Keywords: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Naphthalene; Chlorophyll; Peroxidase activity 目录 1 绪论 1 1.1 课题背景及研究目的 1 1.2 国内外研究现状 1 1.3 多环芳烃的基本性质及种类 1 1.3.1 多环芳烃的物理化学性质 1 1.3.2 多环芳烃的种类 2 1.4 多环芳烃（萘）的基本性质及用途 3 1.4.1 萘的基本性质 3 1.4.2 萘的用途 3 2 实验研究 5 2.1 实验材料与药品 5 2.1.1 实验材料的基本性质 5 2.1.2 实验药品 6 2.2 实验仪器与设备 6 2.3 实验方案设计 7 2.3.1 供试植物 7 2.3.2 实验设计 7 3 实验结果测定 9 3.1 植物外表伤害症状测定 9 3.1.1 植物外伤症状测定标准 9 3.1.2 植物外伤症状测定结果 9 3.2 光合作用指标测定 10 3.2.1 实验原理及方法 10 3.2.2 实验材料、器具及药品 10 3.2.3 实验步骤 11 3.2.4 实验结果 11 3.3 过氧化物酶活性测定 12 3.3.1 实验原理及方法 13 3.3.2 实验材料、器具及药品 13 3.3.3 实验步骤 13 (责任编辑：qin) |