中国原油进出口贸易分析+文献综述
时间:2018-05-14 09:27 来源:毕业论文 作者:毕业论文 点击:次
| 摘要：在经济全球化的迅速发展下，任何国家在发展前进的过程中必不可少的能源之一就是“工业的血液”之称的原油。不同的国家拥有不同的地理环境，主导了不同的发展方向，如：沙特阿拉伯、安哥拉、伊朗等国家石油资源丰富，以出口导向为主，再如：日本则以原油进口为主。中国在不同阶段实行的是不同的贸易方向。由净进口国转为净出口国，又转为净进口国。 改革开放30多年来，中国经济发展相当迅速，已经成为世界经济第二大国。但是伴随经济发展的同时，能源需求量、消耗量也随之呈阶梯式增长，对外依存度也大幅度增长，此外出口量持续大幅度减少。一个国家的能源对外依存度上升意着一个国家社会生产和能源安全形势将会更加严峻。中国在国际原油贸易过程中经常发生“涨价多买，降价少买”的现象，大大提高了原油进口贸易的成本。因此，在一次能源不断开发的时候，如何合理分配能源进口与出口之间的关系、如何降低进口原油、生产成品油的成本、如何改善对外依存度不断提升的形势都将是中国原油贸易过程中需要重视的问题。22889 本文将先阐述中国原油贸易现状、再借助于贸易理论知识与国际原油市场行情相结合的方式分析中国原油贸易中存在的问题，随之针对存在的问题探讨发展战略，最后展望中国原油贸易的发展前景。 毕业论文关键词：原油；进口；出口；对外依存度；多元化；贸易战略 China’s Crude Oil Import and Export Trade Analysis Abstract:Under the background of the economic globalization, one of the essential energy which any country need in the process of development is crude oil, known as the blood of industry. For different countries have different kind of geographical environment, they have different development trade oriented. For example, Saudi Arabia, Angola and Iran have rich oil resources, which are export-oriented. However, Japan is the country which is import-oriented. China performed perse kind of trade oriented in different period. China transferred from net import-oriented to net export-oriented, then to net import-oriented, now China is a country import-oriented. Since more than 30 years of the reform and opening up, China’s economic has been fast developed. Now, China has become the second largest economy of the world. But with the development of the economy, energy demand and energy consumption has shown the stepwise growth as well as the rate of the dependence on foreign. In addition, the export quantum keeps the pace of decrease largely. The rate of the dependence on foreign rising means that the situation of a country’s social manufacture and energy safety will become more severe. The phenomenon that is more import when price increases and less import when price decreases usually happens in China’s international crude oil trade, which increase the crude oil imported cost. Therefore, since the primary energy has been continuously excavated, the ways to distribute the relationship between imports and exports rationally, to reduce the crude oil imports costs and refined oil production costs, to improve the situation of the rising dependence on foreign are the focuses of China’s crude oil trade. This paper will first expound the status of China’s crude oil trade, next analyze the problem existed in the trade on the basis of trade theory and the information of the international oil trade market, then discuss the development strategy on the basis of the problem, lastly look forward to China’s crude oil trade future. Key Words: Crude oil; imports; exports; dependence on foreign; persification; trade strategy 目录 绪论 1 （一）研究目的 1 （二）研究意义 1 (责任编辑：qin) |