中国小麦微核心种质籽粒Cu、Zn积累差异性分析及低积累品种筛选
时间:2018-07-11 21:43 来源:毕业论文 作者:毕业论文 点击:次
| 摘要：为减少污染农田重金属进入食物链，筛选籽粒重金属低积累型作物品种，采用重金属污染农田原位筛选方式，两年田间试验，研究了262份小麦微核心种质的籽粒对重金属铜（Cu）和锌（Zn）积累的差异。结果表明污染农田土壤Cu、Zn含量分别为1150.4 、213.2 mg kg-1，Cu超过我国土壤环境质量Ⅱ级标准(GB15618-1995)，Zn接近Ⅱ级标准。262个品种或品系的小麦籽粒对Cu和Zn的积累能力存在明显的差异性，其中小麦籽粒Cu含量两年变幅分别为5.92 ~ 16.50 、6.93 ~ 21.16 mg/kg；籽粒中Zn含量两年的变幅分别为34.47 ~ 82.68、42.88 ~ 91.07 mg kg-1。以NY861—2004 的限量（Cu≦10 mg kg-1、Zn≦50 mg kg-1）为评价标准，其中Cu含量两年的超标率分别为64.9 %和88.5 %；两年Zn超标样品分别有235和245个，超标率达89.8 %、93.8 % 。采用K-均值聚类法将262份微核心种质划分为低积累、较低积累、中间型、较高积累、高积累五个类群，根据两年田间筛选综合比较得出：出山豹、红春麦、红和尚头、老齐麦、新曙光6号、和尚麦为Cu低积累品种；出山豹、水源86、半截芒、KaBKa3(高加索)、藏冬4号、吕旱、线麦为Zn低积累品种。这其中出山豹为Cu和Zn均低积累品种。25643 毕业论文关键词：重金属污染；小麦微核心种质；积累差异；品种筛选 Differences of Copper and Zinc accumulation among Chinese wheat mini-core collections germplasms and screening for low Cu and Zn accumulative cultivars in grains Abstract: To reduce the pollution of heavy metals into the food chain farmland, grain low heavy metal screening oic increase crop varieties, adopts heavy metal pollution of farmland in situ screening method, two years of field experiment, the micro of 262 wheat core germplasm grain of heavy metal copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) accumulation difference. 262 wheat varieties were planted in a Nanjing typical Cu pollution farmland in 2014-2016.The contaminated farmland heavy metal contents were 1150.4 and 213.2 mg•kg-1, for Cu and Zn, respectively, which were close to the the GradeⅡof environmental quality standard for soil ( GB 15618—1995).There were significant differences in the accumulation capacity of Cu and Zn in 262 wheat varieties .The two-years variation of Cu content in wheat grain were 5.92 ~ 16.50 mg•kg-1 and 6.93 ~ 21.16 mg•kg-1 , respectively. The variation of Zn content in grains were 34.47 ~ 82.68 mg•kg-1 and 42.88 ~ 91.07 mg•kg-1 , respectively. According to the standards on Foods and Products ( NY861—2004 ), The exceeding rates of Cu content were 64.9% and 88.5% in two years, and the exceeding rates of Zn content were 89.8%, 93.8% in two years. A total of 262 wheat varieties were pided into five groups. In the end, we draw conclusions based on the field results: Cu low accumulation varieties include：Chushanbao、Baihuama、Hongchunmai、Hongheshangtou、Laoqimai、Xinshuguang 6、Fuzhuang 30、Motuoxiaomai、Heshangmai. Zn low cultivars include:Chushanbao、Shuiyuan86、Banjiemang、KaBKa3、Zangdong 4、Lvhan 328 and Xianmai . Among them, Chushanbao is low Cu and Zn accumulation variety. Key words: heavy metal pollution; mini-core collections germplasms; accumulation of differences; variety screening 目 录 摘要 1 关键词 1 Abstract. 1 Key words 2 引言 2 1：材料与方法 3 1.1 实验田概况 3 1.2 供试材料 3 1.3 试验设计 3 1.4样品处理与分析 3 1.4.1土壤样品的分析测定 3 1.4.2小麦籽粒重金属含量测定 4 1.4.3 小麦籽粒富集系数： 4 1.5数据统计分析方法 4 1.6污染评价标准 4 (责任编辑：qin) |