5-羟色胺及其受体调控果蝇求偶与取食行为的功能研究
时间:2018-07-11 21:51 来源:毕业论文 作者:毕业论文 点击:次
| 摘要：5-羟色胺（5-hydroxytryptamine，5-HT）是一种生物胺，广泛参与了生物各种生理与行为过程。5-HT主要通过结合其特异性的5-羟色胺受体（5-HT Receptors，5-HTRs）发挥作用。目前在昆虫中克隆到五种5-HT受体，分别为5-HT1A、5-HT1B、5-HT2A、5-HT2B和5-HT7，它们属于G蛋白偶联受体家族。本研究利用黑腹果蝇 Drosophila melanogaster 作为模式生物，运用遗传学与行为学研究手段，分别操控果蝇神经系统中的5种5-HTRs，以研究其对果蝇取食与求偶行为的影响，从而解答5-HT是通过何种5-HTRs来分别调控果蝇的取食与求偶行为的。我们发现，热激活神经元中的5-HT2A受体后，果蝇的求偶行为受到抑制，但激活其他5-HT受体无此现象。突变5-HT2A基因后再激活5-HT2A受体，其对求偶行为的抑制作用消失。通过免疫组化，我们看到5-HT2A受体在果蝇脑中和胸部神经节中都有表达。25648 毕业论文关键词：黑腹果蝇；5-羟色胺；5-羟色胺受体；求偶行为；取食行为 Functional Studies on Serotonin and its Receptors in Regulating Feeding and Courtship Behaviors in Drosophila melanogaster Abstract： 5-hydroxytryptamine is a biogenic amine that regulates many physiological and behavioral processes in animals, including learning, memory processes, feeding and courtship behaviors. The specific functions of serotonin are mediated by its binding to and subsequent activation of corresponding 5-HT receptors. There are 5 types of 5-HT receptors in insects, 5-HT1 (5-HT1A，5-HT1B), 5-HT2 (5-HT2A，5-HT2B) and 5-HT7, all of which belongs to G protein-coupled receptors family. We used Drosophila melanogaster as a model organism to study the functions of 5-HT in regulating feeding and courtship behaviors, and to help us identify the specific 5-HT receptor subtype that involves in the regulation. Through genetic methods and behavioral assays, we found that activating 5-HT2A receptor inhibits courtship behaviors, similar to the effect of activating 5-HT neurons. When mutated 5-HT2A receptor, the inhibition disappear. These results suggest that 5-HT2A receptor might be the one that 5-HT binds and subsequently down regulate the courtship behaviors. Using immunohistochemistry, we saw that 5-HT2A receptors express both in brain and ventral nerve cord in adult flies. Key words: Drosophila melanogaster；5-HT；5-HT Receptors；Feeding Behaviors；Courtship Behaviors 目 录 摘要 1 关键词 1 Abstract 1 Key words 1 引言 2 1 研究背景 2 1．1 5-HT的生物合成 2 1．2 5-HT在昆虫中的功能 3 1．2．1 调控发育或睡眠过程 3 1．2．2 影响记忆过程 3 1．2．3 调控取食、求偶和好斗行为 3 1．2．4 其他功能 3 1．3 5-HT受体 3 1．4 5-HT受体的功能 4 1．4．1 5-HT受体的演化 4 1．4．2 5-HT受体在昆虫中的功能 4 2 材料与方法 4 2．1 果蝇的饲养 4 2．1．1 饲养条件 5 2．1．2 试虫收集 5 2．1．2 果蝇的品系 5 2．2 求偶行为测定 5 2．2．1 实验装置 6 2．2．2 实验方法 6 2．2．3 求偶行为的定量统计 6 2．3 取食行为测定 6 2．3．1 实验材料 7 (责任编辑：qin) |