大蒜/黄瓜套作对黄瓜生长和土壤酶活性的影响
时间:2018-07-17 21:59 来源:毕业论文 作者:毕业论文 点击:次
| 摘要：设施黄瓜栽培中的连作障碍现象日渐严重，阻碍了设施黄瓜产业化生产。采用合适的栽培模式，通过不同种属植物间的化感作用来缓解作物连作障碍是行之有效的方法。本实验为探究大蒜/黄瓜套作对黄瓜生长和土壤酶活性的影响，以‘津春4号’黄瓜和‘豫蒜1号’大蒜为材料，按照桶式栽培方法，采用不种植物、单种黄瓜、单种大蒜以及黄瓜与大蒜套作4个处理，分别测定不同处理下黄瓜植株的生长指标以及土壤酶活性。结果表明，相比于单独种植黄瓜，大蒜/黄瓜套作显著提高黄瓜生物量；单独种植黄瓜明显降低连作土壤中脲酶活性、土壤过氧化氢酶活性、土壤转化酶活性、土壤磷酸酶活性，而大蒜与黄瓜套作则显著提高这4种酶的活性。这些结果表明，大蒜/黄瓜套作可显著促进黄瓜植株生长，提高土壤酶活性，有利于土壤中有机质的转化，从而减少土壤病虫害，有利于改善连作障碍。25772 毕业论文关键词：黄瓜；大蒜；套作；黄瓜生长；土壤酶活性 Garlic/cucumber interplanting effects on cucumber growth and soil enzyme activity Abstract:Continuous cropping obstacle of cucumber cultivation phenomenon is increasingly serious, hindered the cucumber industrialization production.Use appropriate cultivation mode, through the different species of plant allelopathy between continuous cropping obstacle is effective way to alleviate crops.This experiment is to explore the garlic/cucumber interplanting influence on cucumber growth and soil enzyme activity, with the 'spring of tianjin no. 4 cucumber and' and '1' as the material, garlic garlic cultivation method according to the barrel type, with kinds of plants, the single kind of cucumber, the kind of garlic and cucumber with garlic interplanting four processing, were determined under different processing cucumber plant growth index and soil enzyme activity. The result shows that compared with the single planting cucumber, garlic/cucumber interplanting significantly promote the growth of cucumber; Compared to single planting cucumber to significantly reduce the continuous cropping soil urease activity and soil catalase activity, soil invertase activity and soil phosphatase activity, and garlic and cucumber interplanting has significantly improved the four kinds of enzyme activity. These results suggest that garlic/cucumber interplanting can significantly promote the growth of the cucumber plants, and improve the soil enzyme activity, is conducive to the transformation of organic matter in soil to improve soil quality, beneficial to overcome continuous cropping obstacles. Key words: Cucumber;Garlic;Interplanting;Cucumber growth;Soil enzyme activity 目 录 摘要1 关键词1 Abstract1 Key words1 引言1 1 材料与方法2 1.1 试验材料 2 1.2 试验设计 2 1.3 测定方法与项目3 1.3.1 生长指标测定3 1.3.2 土壤酶活性测定3 2 结果与分析3 2.1 大蒜/黄瓜套作对黄瓜植株生长的影响3 2.2 大蒜/黄瓜套作对土壤酶活性的影响 4 3 讨论5 致谢7 参考文献7 表1 大蒜/黄瓜套作对黄瓜植株生长的影响3 图1 大蒜/黄瓜套作对土壤酶活性的影响5 大蒜/黄瓜套作对黄瓜生长和土壤酶活性的影响 引言 黄瓜是一种重要的设施栽培蔬菜作物，用途广泛，营养丰富，深受人民喜爱，在我国的栽培面积达到设施蔬菜栽培总面积的 60%[ ]。然而，近年来，为获得高产，在同一块土地上反复种植黄瓜，并过度使用化肥和农药，造成生产成本上升和产品品质不断下降以及土壤次生盐渍化等连作障碍问题，阻碍了设施黄瓜生产的可持续发展。如何解决黄瓜的连作障碍问题，合理利用土地资源，对提高产量和实现可持续发展至关重要。 (责任编辑：qin) |