芒草狼尾草金盏菊对重金属铜的吸收及其体内积聚特征研究
时间:2018-09-25 11:30 来源:毕业论文 作者:毕业论文 点击:次
| 摘要：芒草，高大的芒属植物，常见的观赏植物，更多的是在野外和一些设施周围生存，是一种非常有前景的能源植物；狼尾草是一种根系强健，对干旱贫瘠土壤的具有良好的固土护坡功能的植物；金盏菊是一种常见花坛植物，对土壤要求不严，可在干旱、瘠薄的土壤中良好生长，并且是一种对重金属元素富集的植物[1]。目前土壤中的重金属污染是最主要的污染问题，其来源主要来自矿物质的风化和人类所制造排放的废水，废气，废渣中的金属元素，这些重金属元素在土壤中聚集，逐渐降低了土壤的自然降解能力，影响了土壤的肥力，农作物的生长，某些重金属元素的富集更将使土壤不能够再种植任何作物，影响了我国大面积的农耕地。它的特点具有普遍性、隐蔽性、表聚性、不可逆性等[2]。而土壤-植物系统中的重金属的流向最终通过重重关卡进入人类体内，这些都是不可逆转的。本实验通过芒草、狼尾草和金盏菊三种植物在含有三种不同的铜离子浓度（600、300、150mg/Kg）的土壤中和不同时间段（一周、两周、三周、四周、两个月）中所采集的叶片中的铜离子元素的浓度分析这三种植物在重金属土壤中对铜的吸收情况进行分析。结果表明：在相同的铜离子浓度下，不同的植物在不同时间段的铜离子吸收度不同，并且随着时间的增加而增加；在相同的植物情况下，不同浓度中的植物吸收量随着时间的增加而增加；在相同的时间内，不同的植物显示出了不同的吸收浓度，金盏菊的吸收度最高，芒草和狼尾草相对较弱。28553 毕业论文关键词：土壤重金属；植物修复；铜；污染修复； Study on Absorb and Accumulate of Heavy Metal Cu in the Inner Characteristic of Three Common Plants Abstract: Miscanthus, tall fern, common ornamental plant, some facilities more around the wild and survival, is a very promising energy plants; Pennisetum is a kind of robust root plant, in the arid soil of the plant has a good solid soil slope protection function; Calendula is a common flower-bed plant, on soil requirements is not high, can be a good growth in the drought, poor soil, and is a kind of element enrichment of heavy metals plants. At present，the soil heavy metal pollution is one of the main problem of pollution, its source mainly made from mineral weathering and human emissions of waste water, waste gas, waste residue in the metal elements, the heavy metal elements in the soil gathered themselves together, and gradually reduce the nature of the soil degradation ability, affect the fertility in soil, the growth of the crops, some enrichment of heavy metal elements more will make the soil can grow any crops again, affecting large areas of farmland in China. It has the characteristics of universality, concealment, table cohesion, irreversibility etc.. And the flow of heavy metals in the soil - plant system eventually through the maze into the human body, these are irreversible. This experiment by miscanthus, pennisetum and calendula three plants in contains three different types of Cu2+ concentration (600, 300, 150 mg/Kg) of soil with different period of time (a week or two weeks, three weeks, four weeks, two months) collected in the leaves of the concentration of copper ion elements analysis of the three plants in the absorption of heavy metals in the soil of copper is analyzed. Results show that under the same concentration of copper ion, different plants in different periods of copper ion absorption degree is different, and as time increases; Plants in the same circumstances, different concentration of plant uptake increased with increasing over time. At the same time, the absorption of different plants showed different concentrations, the highest absorbance of calendula, miscanthus and pennisetum is relatively weak. Keywords: Petunia seed; light and salt stress; germination rate (责任编辑：qin) |