摘要：本试验主要研究四种不同有机肥的施用对土壤肥力状况和油菜养分吸收利用的影响，以期为油菜合理施肥和高效生产提供科学依据。采用随机区组试验，设全量化肥(CF)、减量40%化肥(RF)、全量化肥配施水稻秸秆(CFR)、减量40%化肥配施水稻秸秆(RFR)、全量化肥配施生物黑炭(CFB)、减量40%化肥配施生物黑炭(RFB)、减量40%化肥配施猪粪(RFP)、减量40%化肥配施蚓粪(RFV)9个处理。结果表明，有机肥部分替代化肥能够改善土壤肥力，增加油菜籽粒产量，提高油菜养分利用效率。RFV处理对土壤肥力状况和油菜养分吸收利用的提升效果最佳，氮肥偏生产力和表观利用率相比全量化肥分别提升35.16%和59.50%，其次是RFP处理；两处理磷肥偏生产力和表观利用率均显著低于全量化肥处理。29683
毕业论文关键词：油菜；有机肥；化肥；养分吸收利用
Effects of Partial Substitution of Organic Manure for Chemical Fertilizer on Nutrient Absorption and Utilization of Rapeseed
Abstract：The field experiment was carried to study the effects of application of four different organic manure on soil fertility and nutrient absorption and utilization of rapeseed, to provide scientific basis for rational fertilization and efficient production of rapeseed. 9 treatments were set as follows: the total amount of chemical fertilizer(CF), 40% reduction of chemical fertilizer(RF), the total amount of chemical fertilizer with rice straw(CFR), 40% reduction of chemical fertilizer with rice straw(RFR), the total amount of chemical fertilizer with biochar(CFB), 40% reduction of chemical fertilizer with biochar(RFB), 40% reduction of chemical fertilizer with pig manure(RFP), 40% reduction of chemical fertilizer with vermicompost(RFV). These treatments were applied to the crop in a randomized complete block design with four replicates. The results showed that partial substitution of organic manure for chemical fertilizer could improve soil fertility, and increase the grain yield and nutrient use efficiency of rapeseed. The effect of RFV treatment on soil fertility and nutrient absorption and utilization of rapeseed was the best, followed by RFP treatment. Compared with CF treatment, the nitrogen partial factor productivity and apparent recovery efficiency of applied of RFV treatment increased by 35.16% and 59.50%, respectively. And the phosphorus partial factor productivity and apparent recovery efficiency of applied of RFV and RFP treatments were significantly lower than those in CF treatment.
Key words: rapeseed; organic manure; chemical fertilizer; nutrient absorption and utilization.
目录
摘要 1
关键词 1
Abstract 1
Key words 1
引言 1
1 材料与方法 2
1．1 试验地概况 2
1．2 试验设计 2
1．3 测定项目与方法 3
1．3．1 土壤样品的采集与测定 3
1．3．2 植株样品的采集与测定 3
1．3．3 产量及地上部生物量测定 3
1．4 参数计算与统计分析 3
2 结果与分析 3
2．1 有机肥部分替代化肥对土壤养分含量的影响 3
2．2 有机肥部分替代化肥对作物产量和地上部生物量的影响 4
2．3 有机肥部分替代化肥对作物植株各部位养分含量的影响 4
2．4 有机肥部分替代化肥对作物植株养分累积量的影响 5
2．5 有机肥部分替代化肥对作物养分利用率的影响 6
3 讨论与结论 6
致谢 8
参考文献 8 有机肥部分替代化肥对油菜养分吸收利用的影响:http://www.youerw.com/shengwu/lunwen_25021.html