摘要：二十四节气，是对于物候、气候、时令等方面的总结。由于全球变暖，全球气候在近代时间内发生了一定的变化，各种极端气候也平凡出现。本文选取了中国季风区的北京、杭州、广州、重庆和哈尔滨这五座城市，分析了在1981-2010年期间，各城市气温、湿度、降雨量、风速、降雨占比和大雨占比的演变情况。最终得到个城市各节气的气象状况，并分析各节气间气候演变情况。可以发现，各城市节气所对应的气候各不相同，各地节气的气候特征与其所在处的地理位置和气候带状况密不可分。为了研究分析节气的气候偏折度，首先集合经验模态分解法（EEMD）[1]，对并非平稳时间序列的气温数据进行处理，获得光滑且平稳的气温时间序列。计算获得节气的阈值温度后，通过气温时间序列中每年达到阈值温度的日期，可得到各节气的倾向系数，从而判明各节气提前或者推迟的倾向以及幅度。总体来看，各城市都有夏季节气滞后，秋季节气总体持续时间缩短的倾向。71985

毕业论文关键词：二十四节气；气候反应力；EEMD[2]；倾向系数

Climatic Response Analysis of solar terms

Abstract: Twenty-four solar terms, is the summary of the phenology, climate, seasonal and other aspects。 As the result of global warming, the global climate in modern times has undergone some changes, and different kinds of extreme climate become ordinary。 Beijing, Hangzhou, Guangzhou, Chongqing and Harbin, these cities in the Chinese monsoon region are selected as sample cities。 The evolution of temperature, humidity, rainfall, wind speed, the proportion for rainfall and heavy rain in each city during 1981-2010 are analyzed。 Finally, the weather conditions of the city's solar terms can be got, and the climate change between the solar terms can be analyzed。 It can be found that different city's solar terms have different climate characteristics, and they are inseparable from the geographical location and climate conditions。 In order to study the climatic degree of weathering, the empirical mode decomposition method (EEMD) [1] is used to deal with the temperature data which is not a stationary time series, then a smooth and stable temperature series is obtained。 After calculating the threshold temperature of the solar terms, the tendency coefficient of each solar term can be obtained through the date which reach the threshold temperature each year。 So as to determine the advance or postpone propensity and amplitude。 Overall, the city has the tendency of lag summer solar terms and shorten autumn solar terms。

Key words: Twenty four solar terms; Climate response; EEMD[2]; Tendency coefficient 

目录

1 引言 1

2 城市选择和数据来源 2

2。1 选取城市 2

2。2 数据来源 2

3 节气的气候反应力分析 3

3。1 二十四节气的划分 3

3。2 分析方法 3

3。3 结果与分析 4

3。3。1 北京 4

3。3。2 广州 6

3。3。3 杭州 9